新疆沙冬青植物群落特征研究  

Study on the Community Characteristics of Ammopiptanthus Nanus in Ulugqat County,Xinjiang

作　　者：麦尔哈巴.阿布拉 刘博[1] 李征珍[1] 杨琼[1] 石莎[1] 冯金朝[1] 

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《中央民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第3期16-20,共5页Journal of Minzu University of China(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家外专局-教育部"111计划"项目(No.2008-B08044);中央民族大学自主科研项目(No.MUC2011ZDKT09);中央民族大学一流大学一流学科建设项目(No.YLDX01013)

摘　　要：新疆沙冬青群落是以沙冬青为优势种的荒漠群落类型.本文通过对新疆沙冬青集中分布区乌恰县新疆沙冬青植被群落的物种组成、生活型、生态型、密度、盖度等植被特征的调查和分析,发现新疆沙冬青群落中菊科所占比例最高,其次是藜科、豆科、禾本科、百合科等植物种类;该群落的生活型谱中,灌木、半灌木、多年生草本所占比例较大;植物生态型以旱生植物为主.新疆沙冬青群落组成与结构受地形、海拔、土壤和水分条件等环境因素的综合影响,群落的物种多样性有随海拔降低的趋势.新疆沙冬青面临种群衰退、分布面积缩小的威胁,与气候暖干化有关,也与人为活动也有关,需进一步加强保护和管理.The community of Ammopiptanthus nanus is a kind of desert community, in which A. nanus is the dominant species. The species, life form, ecotype, density, and coverage of vegetation characteristics of A. nanus community were studied in this paper. The results showed the proportion of species belonged to Chenopodiaceae, Leguminosae, Gramineae and Liliaceae family was higher in the composition of vegetation, Compositae family got highest percent. The plant ecotype of vegetation was mainly the xerophyte and the life form were mainly the bushes and semi-bushes and perennial herbs. The composition and structure of A. nanus community were affected by comprehensive influence of environmental factors, such as altitude, soil and water conditions, and so on. Species diversity and vegetation coverage in communities were decreased along with increasing altitude. A. nanus is facing the threats of population depression and its distribution area is reducing due to the dry and warm climate, and grazing activity of human beings. The suggestion of protection and management of A. nanus population is put forward.

关 键 词：乌恰县 新疆沙冬青 群落组成 群落结构 环境影响 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]