机构地区:[1]中国疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制中心,北京102206
出 处:《中国防痨杂志》2015年第10期1024-1029,共6页Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis
摘 要:目的获得既往结核病患者中的肺结核患病状况,比较不同策略的患者发现效果。方法在全国东部、中部和西部10省选择10个县(区)的27个乡镇(社区)作为研究现场,采用症状筛查、胸部X线检查、痰涂片和痰培养4种方法,对2005-2012年在结核病患者管理信息系统中登记的或曾被医生明确诊断为活动性结核病的所有既往结核病患者进行结核病筛查,获得肺结核患病状况,并对几种具有不同肺结核可疑症状定义和筛查程序的患者发现策略的检出患者状况进行比较。采用矿检验进行率的比较,以P〈0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果既往结核病患者的涂阳、菌阳和活动性肺结核患病率分别为1719.6/10万(26/1512)、2579.4/10万(39/1512)和7142.8/10万(108/1512),男性患病率分别为2383.4/10万(23/965)、3419.7/10万(33/965)和8497.4/10万(82/965),女性患病率分别为548.4/10万(3/547)、1096.9/10万(6/547)和4753.2/10万(26/547),均为男性高于女性(χ^2值分别为6.956、7.496和7.379,P值均〈0.01);农村地区的菌阳和活动性肺结核患病率[3162.1/10万(32/1012)、8498.0/10万(86/1012)]均高于城镇地区[分别为1400.0/10万(7/500)和4400.0/10万(22/500)](χ^2值分别为4.135和8.473,P值均〈0.05);东部、中部和西部地区的活动性肺结核患病率[东部地区4283.4/10万(26/607),中部地区5806.5/10万(27/465),西部地区12500.0/10万(55/440)]差异有统计学意义(χ^2=27.774,P〈0.01)。按照现有国家结核病防治规划中定义的咳嗽、咯痰≥2周或咯血这一可疑症状定义,新发现的涂阳、菌阳和活动性肺结核患者的可疑症状发生率分别为39.1%(9/23)、40.0%(14/35)和44.0%(40/91),低于2010年第五次全国结核�Objective To obtain the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic in previously treated TB patients and corn pare the yields of different case finding strategies. Methods In 10 counties selected from 10 provinces located in eastern, middle and western regions in China, symptom screening, chest X-ray examination, sputum smear and cul ture were provided for all previously treated TB patients registered in TB Patients Management Information System during 2005-2012 or self-reported active TB to diagnose the pulmonary TB. And, comparison for the number of TB found by various case finding strategies with different suspected symptom definition and test procedure was conducted. The rate analyzing used Chi square test and P〈0.05 was statistical significant difference. Results The prevalence rates for smear positive TB, bacteriologically positive TB and active TB among previously treated TB patients were 1719.6/100 000, 2579.4/100 000 and 7142.8/100 000, respectively. The prevalence rates were 238a. 4/100 000 (23/965) ,a419.7/100 000 (33/965) and 8497.4/100 000 ((82/965) in mate and 548. 4/100 000 (3/547), 1096.9/100 000 (6/547) and 4753.2/100 000 (26/547) in female with statistically significant difference (χ^2 value were 6. 956,7. 496 and 7. 379,P〈0.01). The prevalence rates for bacteriologically positive TB and active TB in rural area (3162. 1/100 000 (32/1012) and 8498.0/100 000 (86/1012)) were significantly higher than those in urban area (1400.0/100 000 (7/500) and 4400.0/100 000 (22//500))( χ^2 value were 4. 135 and 8. 473, P〈0.05), and there was a significant difference for prevalence rates among eastern, middle and western regions (4283.4/100 000 (26/607) for eastern region, 5806. 5/100 000 (27/465) for middle region, 12 500. 0/100 000 (55/440) for western region) (χ^2 value was 27. 774, P〈0. 01). Among newly smear positive TB, bacteriologically positive TB and active pulmonary TB patients, the presence for suspected symptom defined by c
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