短氟碳链含氟丙烯酸酯聚合物的制备及其拒水拒油性能研究  

Study on Preparation and the Water and Oil Repellent Properties of Fluorinated Acrylate Polymer with Short Fluorocarbon Chain

作　　者：邓瑾妮[1,2] 郑朝晖[1] 丁小斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都有机化学研究所,四川成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《塑料工业》2015年第10期100-103,118,共5页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51403208)

摘　　要：以甲基丙烯酸全氟己基酯为原料,与其他丙烯酸酯单体共聚,其中引入长链丙烯酸酯单体以及交联单体,合成了具有环境友好型的短氟碳链含氟丙烯酸酯聚合物。考察了乳化剂、引发剂及含氟单体用量对乳液聚合转化率和凝胶率的影响;研究了短氟碳链含氟单体和交联单体用量以及长链丙烯酸酯单体种类和用量对其拒水拒油性能的影响;系统探究了此含氟丙烯酸酯乳液的粒径及经此聚合物处理后的纺织物材料表面接触角等因素之间的影响。结果表明,使用交联单体可有效提高氟链段在表面的稳定性,在交联单体为1%时,60%的含氟单体加入可使整个体系达到较好的拒水拒油性能;同时,将甲基丙烯酸十八酯作为聚合单体,可有效提高短氟碳链向表面的迁移性,在其加入量为15%时,加入50%含量的短氟碳链含氟丙烯酸酯其体系便可达到拒水6级,拒油9级;而经此含氟乳液处理过的纺织物表面接触角达120°(水)和107°(二氯甲烷),且接触角随聚合物乳液粒径的降低而不断提高。Eco-friendly fluorinated acrylate polymers with short fluorocarbon chain were prepared with perfluorinated hexyl methacrylate as a raw material and other acrylic monomers which included long chain acrylate monomer and crosslinking monomer. The effects of emulsifier, initiator and the amount of fluoride on conversion and coagulum were investigated. And the effects of the amount of fluorinated monomer, crosslinking monomer and the type and amount of the long chain acrylate monomer on the water and oil repellent properties were studied. Finally, the influence of particle sizes on the surface contact angle of the textile treated by fluorinated acrylate emulsion was explored. The results suggested that crosslinking monomer could effectively improve the stability of fluorinated chain on the surface. It would achieve excellent water and oil repellent properties when containing 1% cross-linker and 60% fluorinated monomer. Meanwhile, the migration of the short fluorocarbon chain could be effectively improved by the addition of stearyl methylacrylate. When the cross-linker content was 15% and C6F content was 50%, the system could reach the 6 level of water repellent and 9 grade of oil repellent. And the contact angle of water and dichloromethane reached 120° and 107° respectively, which increased with the decrease of the particle sizes of the polymer emulsion.

关 键 词：短氟碳链 含氟丙烯酸酯乳液 拒水拒油性 

分 类 号：TQ316.334[化学工程—高聚物工业] TS195.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]