动态膜分离油水乳化液操作条件优化和影响因素分析  

Process Optimization and Characterization of Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation with Dynamic Membranes

作　　者：王文娟[1] 赵昊瀚 潘艳秋[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学化工与环境生命学部化工学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2015年第5期1045-1052,共8页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20976020);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(DUT13JN04)

摘　　要：用陶瓷膜基二氧化锆动态膜分离水包油型乳化液,利用正交实验方法优化分离操作条件,并考察压力、乳化液温度、乳化液p H值和溶液中盐离子种类四大因素分别对过程的影响。正交实验结果表明,油水分离最优条件为:乳化液浓度0.5 g·L-1、乳化液p H值为5、温度50℃、流量100 L·h-1、压力0.14 MPa。单因素实验结果表明,随压力增大,油水分离稳定渗透通量增大,但是当压力大于0.14 MPa后,通量几乎无变化;随油水乳化液温度和p H值的升高,稳定渗透通量先增大后减小;考察乳化液中加入盐离子的结果发现,阳离子盐的渗透通量大于阴离子盐的通量,并且阳离子电荷越多或阴离子电荷越少,通量越大。运用浓差极化、双电层和乳化液破乳等理论可以对以上实验现象做出合理解释。Microfiltration of oil-in-water emulsions was studied with ceramic tube supported zirconium dioxide（Zr O2） dynamic membranes. Orthogonal experimental design was employed to optimize operating conditions, and factors such as temperature, p H, salt ion species of the emulsion and operating pressure were analyzed. Results show that the optimal microfiltration conditions are： emulsion concentration 0.5 g·L-1, flow rate 100 L·h-1 and operating pressure 0.14 MPa under 50℃. The steady permeate flux increases with the increase of pressure until 0.14 MPa, which remains constant afterwards. Moreover, the flux increases first and then decreases with the increase of temperature or p H. The flux of cationic salts is greater than that of anionic salts when adding salt ions in the emulsion. Higher cationic charges or lower anionic charges result in greater permeate flux. This fundamental research is useful for future studies of ceramic-based dynamic membranes in oily wastewater separation.

关 键 词：动态膜 微滤 油水乳化液 正交实验 优化 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]