狼毒根活性炭的制备及性能表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Stellera Chamaejasme L. Roots

作　　者：陈杰[1] 袁才登[1] 李海朝[2] 张丽娟[2] 徐贵钰[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院,天津300072 [2]青海民族大学化学与生命科学学院,青海西宁810007

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2015年第5期1161-1166,共6页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：天津大学-青海民族大学自主创新基金(2013XZ-0076)

摘　　要：以青海草原危害性植物瑞香狼毒根为原料、磷酸为活化剂,采用正交试验法制备高效活性炭吸附剂,考察了固液比、磷酸浓度、活化温度和活化时间4个因素对活性炭产率及吸附性能的影响。采用氮气吸附-脱附、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)对活性炭的孔结构、表面结构及表面官能团特征进行了分析和表征。结果表明:狼毒根灰分含量低(质量分数仅2.95%),是高质量的活性炭原材料;当磷酸浓度为50%(wt),活化温度为400℃,浸渍比为[m(原料):m(磷酸溶液)]=1:4,活化时间为60 min时,制得的活性炭的BET比表面积为1370 m2·g-1,平均孔径3.18 nm,碘吸附值为1067 mg·g-1,亚甲基蓝吸附值为375 mg·g-1,产率高达57.41%。A highly efficient activated carbon adsorbent was prepared from Stellera chamaejasme L. via phosphoric acid activation, and the preparation process was optimized with orthogonal experimental design. The effects of operation parameters including impregnation ratio, phosphoric acid concentration, activation temperature and activation time on adsorption properties and yields were evaluated. Pore structure, surface structure and surface functional groups of the activated carbon were characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption, scan electric microscope（SEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD） and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）. The optimum conditions were found as follows： phosphoric acid concentration 50%（wt）, activation temperature 400℃, impregnation ratio 1：4 and activation time 60 min. The activated carbon prepared has high adsorption capacity, and it has an BET specific surface area of 1370 m2·g-1, average pore diameter of 3.18 nm, iodine adsorption of 1067 mg·g-1, methylene blue adsorption of 375 mg·g-1, ash content of 2.95% and maximum yield of 57.41%.

关 键 词：瑞香狼毒 活性炭 磷酸 吸附-脱附 正交试验 

分 类 号：TQ424.1[化学工程]