三维激光扫描技术在正断层型地表破裂调查中的应用--以2008M_S7.3于田地震为例  

The Application of 3D Laser Scanning Technology in Surface Rupture Survey of the Normal Fault: An Example of the 2008 M_S7.3 Yutian Earthquake

作　　者：谭锡斌[1] 徐锡伟[1] 于贵华[1] 吴国栋[2] 陈建波[2] 沈军[3] 方伟[2] 宋和平[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地质研究所中国地震局活动构造与火山重点实验室,北京100029 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区地震局,乌鲁木齐830011 [3]防灾科技学院,廊坊065201

出　　处：《震灾防御技术》2015年第3期491-500,共10页Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention

基　　金：地震行业科研专项“新疆于田7.3级地震与阿什库勒火山综合科学考察”(项目编号:201008004);科技部国际科技合作项目(2009DFA21280)共同资助

摘　　要：随着三维激光扫描技术的发展,其被广泛应用于震后同震位移参数等基础资料的获取。本文简要介绍了三维激光扫描仪的基本原理和工作流程,然后以2008年于田MS7.3级地震为例,介绍了三维激光扫描在正断层型地震的同震位移等参数获取中的应用,并分析了实际垂直位移与视垂直位移的比值(Vo/H)与地形坡度角(α)以及断层倾角(β)的关系。通过5个典型断错地貌的三维激光扫描,获得了2008年于田MS7.3级地震的垂直和水平同震滑移量,垂向和左旋位移均为1—3.5m左右,揭示出于田MS7.3级地震为一次正断与左旋运动分量大致相当的地震。由于断层走向的变化,在地表破裂南段表现为左旋位移大于垂直位移。5处测量点的地表变形带宽度介于10—25m之间。As the recently developed technology of 3D laser scanning, it has been widely used in the basic data investigation after big earthquake. In this paper the principle and workflow of 3D laser scanner is introduced briefly,and then 5 samples for the using of the 3D laser scanning technology on the survey of co-seismic displacement of the 2008 MS7.3 Yutian earthquake are shown. As the land slopes of the 5 samples are between 14-34 degrees, which make some difference between the true vertical displacement（VO） and the apparent vertical displacement（H）, the formula between the ratio of the true vertical displacement and the apparent vertical displacement（VO/H）, the terra slope（α） and the dip angle of fault（β） are given. In this research, we get the vertical and horizontal co-seismic displacement of the 2008 MS7.3 Yutian earthquake in five sites, using the 3D laser scanner. Both the vertical and the horizontal co-seismic slip are between ca.1-3.5 m, which indicates that this earthquake has almost the same sinistral and vertical displacement. In the southern segment of the rupture, the sinistral displacement is bigger than the vertical displacement, which should be subject to the change of the orientation of the fault. The data that show the widths of the surface rupture in the 5 sites are between 10-25 m.

关 键 词：三维激光扫描 于田地震 正断层 同震位移 

分 类 号：P315.73[天文地球—地震学]