季铵盐型可聚合表面活性剂的合成与性能  

Synthesis and properties of quaternary ammonium polymerizable surfactants

作　　者：顾铭茜[1] 温益 王洪清[2] 陈洪龄[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学化学化工学院,江苏南京210009 [2]浙江传化股份有限公司,浙江杭州311215

出　　处：《印染助剂》2015年第10期26-30,共5页Textile Auxiliaries

摘　　要：以溴丙烯和不同碳链长的叔胺(C14、C16、C18)为原料,合成了一系列季铵盐型可聚合表面活性剂十四、十六和十八烷基二甲基烯丙基溴化铵(简称TADAB、HADAB、OADAB),采用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和超导核磁共振仪(1H-NMR)对合成产物进行表征,并测定表面活性剂的表面张力、发泡、稳泡、乳化和润湿渗透性能.结果表明,25℃下TADAB、HADAB和OADAB的最低表面张力分别为33.64、29.77和30.27 m N/m,临界胶束浓度分别为4.97、0.97和0.43 mmol/L.HADAB具有良好的发泡性能和乳化力,TADAB的润湿渗透性能较为突出,但合成的表面活性剂稳泡性能均较差.A series of cationic polymerizable surfactants named as tetradecylallyldimethylammonium bro- mide （TADAB）, cetyldimethyldiallylammonium bromide （HADAB） and stearyldimethyldiallylammonium bromide （OADAB） were synthesized from tertiary amines with different carbon chain lengths and bromopropene. The chemical structures of the products were characterized by FT-IR and 1^H-NMR. The surface tension, foaming property, emulsification ability and wetting permeability of surfactants were measured. The results showed that the lowest surface tension of TADAB, HADAB and OADAB at 25℃ were 33.64, 29.77 and 30.27 mN/m, re- spectively. And the critical micelle concentrations separately were 4.97, 0.97 and 0.43 mmol/L. HADAB dis- played good foaming performance and emulsification ability, and the wetting permeability of TADAB was more prominent. However, the foaming stabilities of all synthetic surfactants were poor.

关 键 词：可聚合表面活性剂 叔胺 溴丙烯 合成 性能 

分 类 号：TQ423.12[化学工程]