中国农村6～11岁小学生忽视现状分析  

Status analysis on child neglect of rural pupils aged 6-11 year-old in China

作　　者：潘建平[1] 杨武悦 焦锋[3] 张雅琴[4] 张慧颖[5] 陈晶琦[6] 席卫平[7] 彭玉林[8] 古桂雄[9] 钟朝晖[10] 秦锐 李骏[12] 褚英[13] 杨建平[7] 马乐[1] 王维清[1] 武万良[1] 杨文娟[1] 应艳红[1] 高引莉[1] 滕红[1] 刘婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学部公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系,710061 [2]西安市妇幼保健院基层保健科 [3]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院儿少与妇幼卫生系 [4]海南省妇幼保健院儿童保健科 [5]哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健教研室 [6]北京大学医学部儿童少年卫生研究所 [7]山西省妇幼保健院儿童保健部 [8]河南省教育厅体育卫生艺术教育处 [9]苏州大学附属儿童医院儿童保健科 [10]重庆医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室 [11]江苏省妇幼保健院儿童保健部 [12]西安市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科 [13]徐州市妇幼保健院儿童保健科

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2015年第10期860-865,共6页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81172688）

摘　　要：目的 分析中国农村6～11岁在校小学生忽视状况。方法 于2012年12月至2013年3月，采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法，在全国抽取9个省份、28个县、56所农村小学的6～11岁小学生作为调查对象，共计7 943名。采用“中国农村6～8岁小学生忽视评价常模”与“中国农村9～11岁小学生忽视评价常模”制定的量表进行问卷调查，并分析不同年级、性别、家庭类型和不同忽视层面的忽视率与忽视度。结果 中国农村6～8岁与9～11岁小学生总忽视率分别为40.2%（1 258/3 130）与42.5%（1 498/3 526）（χ^2=3.59,P=0.058）；总忽视度分别为46.04±8.87与44.78±10.43（t=5.01，P〈0.001）；6～8岁组男生忽视率和忽视度[分别为41.4%（657/1 587）和46.28±8.76]与女生[分别为39.0%（601/1 543）和45.78±8.97]比较，差异均无统计学意义（χ^2=1.87，P=0.171；t=1.49，P=0.136）；9～11岁组男生忽视率和忽视度[分别为46.3%（816/1 763）和45.53±10.11]均高于女生 [分别为38.7%（682/1 763）和44.06±10.69]（χ^2=20.84，t=3.97，P值均〈0.001）。6～8岁组男生的社会层面忽视率[11.7%（198/1 691）]和教育层面的忽视度（48.09±9.70）高于女生[9.4%（155/1 648）、47.37±9.89]，差异均有统计学意义（χ^2=14.55，P〈0.001，t=2.22,P=0.026）；9～11岁组男生在身体层面的忽视率[20.4%（398/1 954）]高于女生[16.7%（326/1 957）]，差异有统计学意义（χ^2=8.92，P=0.003）。结论 中国农村6～11岁在校小学生受忽视状况严重，需进一步探讨其影响因素，并采取有效的干预措施。Objective To analyze pupils＇ neglect status aged 6-11 years in China＇s rural. Methods According to the principle of multi-stage stratified cluster sampling, to extract 7 943 pupils aged 6-11 years for the survey from 56 primary schools in 28 counties in nine provinces, from December 2012 to March 2013. Proceed questionnaire survey by the scale from ＂ Neglect Evaluation Norms for pupils aged 6-8 years in Rural Areas of China＂ and ＂ Neglect Evaluation Norms for pupils aged 9-11 years in Rural Areas of China＂. And analyze neglect rates and neglect degrees of the different grades, gender, family types and different levels of neglect. Results The total neglect rate of China＇s rural pupils aged 6-8 and 9-11 years was 40.2% （1 258 / 3 130） and 42.5%（1 498/3 526） respectively, which differences had no statistical significant（χ^2=3.59, P=0.058）;the total neglect degree was 46.04±8.87 and 44.78±10.43 respectively, which differences had statistical significant（t=5.01,P〈0.001）;the differences of neglect rates and neglect degrees between male （41.4%（657/1 587） and 46.28±8.76） and female （39.0%（601/1 543） and 45.78±8.97） of aged 6-8 were all no statistical significant （χ^2=1.87, P=0.171; t=1.49, P=0.136）; the neglect rates and neglect degrees of male （46.3%（816/1 763）and 45.53±10.11） were higher than female （38.7%（682/1 763）and 44.06±10.69） in the group of aged 9-11, which differences were all statistical significant （χ^2=20.84, t=3.97, P〈0.001）; the male neglect rate in the group of aged 6-8 in social neglect （11.7%（198/1 691）） and the neglect degree in educational neglect （48.09±9.70） were higher than female （9.4%（155/1 648） and 47.37±9.89）, which differences were all statistical significance （χ^2=14.55, P〈0.001, t=2.22, P=0.026）, the male neglect rate in the group of aged 9-11 in physical neglect （20.4%（398/1 954））was higher than female （16.7%（326/1 957））, which differences had statistical signific

关 键 词：虐待儿童 学生 农村人口 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]