基于鱼类生物完整性指数的浑河流域水生态健康评价  

Assessment of Ecosystem Health in Hun River Basin Using Fish-Index of Biotic Integrity

作　　者：张赛赛[1] 高伟峰[1] 孙诗萌[1] 孙航[1] 张远[2] 丁森[2] 王伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学,农业部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,流域水生态保护技术研究室,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2015年第10期1570-1577,共8页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101481);辽宁省教育厅优秀人才支持计划项目(LJQ2013080)

摘　　要：基于2010年5—6月浑河流域62个采样点的鱼类调查数据,应用F-IBI(鱼类生物完整性指数)体系评价浑河河流的生态健康状况.从23个候选指标中筛选出适用于构建浑河流域F-IBI体系的6个指标,分别为总渔获量、雅罗鱼亚科种类所占比例、鳅科鱼类所占比例、经济鱼类所占比例、耐污物种所占比例和广布种所占比例.采用比值法计算各指标的F-IBI值,根据所有采样点F-IBI值的75%分位数确定健康标准,对于小于所有采样点F-IBI值75%分位数的数据进行四等分,以确定浑河流域F-IBI体系的评价标准,依次分为健康、亚健康、一般、差和极差5个等级.结果表明,处于健康、亚健康、一般、差、极差状态的采样点分别占采样点总数的22.58%、27.42%、24.19%、14.52%、11.59%,其中前三者所占比例为74.19%,健康状况为差和极差的采样点主要分布在以沈阳市区为分界的浑河流域下游.Pearson相关分析可知,F-IBI值与电导率呈负相关,而与栖息地质量指数呈正相关.研究显示,浑河中上游河段的健康状况基本处于健康、亚健康和一般状态,而浑河下游的健康状况令人担忧,处于差和极差状态.浑河下游恶劣的水生态状况主要是受到沈阳工业区的影响.In order to assess the ecosystem in the Hun River,F-IBI（ fish-index of biotic integrity） was used to analyze data collected from62 sites from May to June,2010. Six indicators from 23 candidates were selected to establish the F-IBI system： total catches,percentage species of Leuciscus subfamily,Loach Fishes percentage,economic fish percentage,stain species percentage and widespread species percentage. F-IBI value of each indicator was calculated using the ratio method. Values below 75% were quartered to establish a health assessment as healthy,sub-healthy,fair,poor or very poor. The results showed that the percentages of healthy,sub-healthy,fair,poor and very poor sites were,respectively,22. 58%,27. 42%,24. 19%,14. 52% and 11. 59%. The first three combined accounted for74. 19%. The poor and very poor sites were mainly distributed in the downstream of the Hun River. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that F-IBI was negatively correlated with electrical conductivity,but positively correlated with habitat quality. The results indicated that the upper reaches of the Hun River were at healthy,sub-healthy and fair levels,while the downstream areas were worrying,consisting of poor and very poor. These areas mainly suffered from impacts from the industrial zone of Shenyang City.

关 键 词：浑河流域 鱼类组成 鱼类生物完整性指数(F-IBI) 生态健康评价 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]