水杨酸对春季全光照下人参光合特性、生理生化及皂苷含量的影响  

Effect of salicylic acid on photosynthesis,physio-biochemistry and quality of Panax ginseng under full sun shine in spring

作　　者：曹伍林[1] 孟祥才[1] 马伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江中医药大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2015年第18期3553-3559,共7页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201303111)

摘　　要：为了探讨提高人参产量新途径,采用春季全光照并施用不同浓度水杨酸的方法,比较人参叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、抗氧化酶活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量及人参皂苷含量。结果显示,全光照下0.05,0.2 mmol·L-1水杨酸组可明显提高SOD,CAT,POD的活性,降低MDA含量,净光合速率大幅度提高。阴天条件下净光合速率平均高于传统遮荫的对照组127.8%,155.0%,高于未施水杨酸全光照的空白组13.9%,27.5%;晴天条件下高于传统遮荫的对照组23.5%,30.4%,高于空白组8.6%,14.6%,特别是早晚的差异更加明显,这种差异主要是由于全光照条件下增加外光量子密度及光饱和点增加和补偿点降低造成的。全光照条件下人参苷含量降低,但施水杨酸后,皂苷含量有显著提高。人参皂苷含量0.2 mmol·L-1水杨酸组Rg1与Re含量之和、Rb1含量及6种人参皂苷含量之和远高于对照组、空白组及其他组。在春季短时期内对人参进行全光照并喷施0.2 mmol·L-1浓度的水杨酸溶液处理,可增强人参抗逆性,可较好的提高人参产量和质量。In order to search for a new pathway to improve the yield of ginseng through growing at the full sun shine accompanied by salicylic acid（ SA）,the net photosynthetic rate（ Pn）,superoxide dismutase（ SOD）,catalase（ CAT）,peroxidase（ POD）,malondialdehyde（ MDA） in Panax ginseng leaves,and the content of ginsenosides in roots were compared under various concentrations of SA and full sun shine with the traditional shade shed. Under the full sun shine,0. 05,0. 2 mmol·L^- 1SA increased net photosynthetic rate to a great extent. Under the cloudy day,the average net photosynthetic rate increased by 127. 8% and 155. 0% over the traditional shade shed,13. 9% and 27. 5% over the treatment without SA respectively; under the clear day,23. 5% and 30. 4% over the traditional shade shed,8. 6% and 14. 6% over the treatment without SA,particularly obvious in the morning and late afternoon. With such concentration,SA increased activities of SOD,CAT,POD,and decreased the contents of the MDA. This difference resulted from different light intensity,rise of light saturation point,and fall of compensation point. Full sun shine decreased ginsenosides contents,but with SA,the ginsenosides regained,the content of Rg1 and Re,Rb1,total six types of ginsenosides in SA 0. 2 mmol·L^- 1group were higher than those in the control group（ P〈 0. 05） and other groups. The application of 0. 2 mmol·L^- 1SA under full sun shine during a short time has little threat to the P. ginseng in spring,and could enhance the resistance to the adversity,which would improve the yield of ginseng heavily.

关 键 词：人参 水杨酸 光合作用 抗氧化酶 人参质量 

分 类 号：S567.51[农业科学—中草药栽培]