啤酒糟、发酵啤酒糟替代豆粕对肉鹅生长性能、免疫器官指数及肠道菌群的影响  

Effect of Soybean Meal Replaced by Brewer's Grain or Fermented Brewer's Grain on Growth Performance,Immune Organ Index and Intestinal Flora of Meat Geese

作　　者：姬向波[1] 姚国佳[1,2] 刘健[1] 陈理盾[1] 李新正[1] 杨建平[1,2] 臧彦全 

机构地区：[1]河南牧业经济学院,郑州450046 [2]河南省高校饲料工程技术中心,郑州450046 [3]中牧实业股份有限公司,北京100070

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2015年第10期2669-2675,共7页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目:杂粕及糟渣类饲料高效关键利用技术研究(132102310045)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究啤酒糟、发酵啤酒糟替代豆粕对肉鹅生长性能、免疫器官指数及肠道菌群的影响。选取250只28日龄健康皖西肉鹅,根据体重相近原则随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只鹅,对照组饲喂不含任何杂粕类饲料的基础日粮;试验1、2组分别饲喂用10%、20%风干啤酒糟替代基础日粮中豆粕的试验日粮;试验3、4组分别饲喂用10%、20%风干发酵啤酒糟替代基础日粮中豆粕的试验日粮,添加量以基础日粮干物质为基础。试验期43d,分为早期（28-42日龄）、中期（43-56日龄）、后期（57-70日龄）3个阶段。结果表明：1从整个试验期来看,与对照组相比,试验1组肉鹅平均日增重显著提高（P〈0.05）,试验4组肉鹅平均日增重和平均采食量显著降低（P〈0.05）,试验2、3组肉鹅生长性能未发生明显改变（P〉0.05）。2与对照组相比,试验1、2、3组肉鹅胸腺指数和脾脏指数在试验早期均极显著提高（P〈0.01）;在试验中期和后期,仅试验2组肉鹅脾脏指数显著或极显著提高（P〈0.05;P〈0.01）;各组间肉鹅法氏囊指数差异均不显著（P〉0.05）。3与对照组相比,试验1、2组肉鹅盲肠中大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌数量在试验早期和后期极显著降低（P〈0.01）,同时双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量不同程度地增加;试验3、4组双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量在试验后期极显著升高（P〈0.01）。综上所述,10%啤酒糟替代日粮中豆粕时可提高其生长性能,改善肉鹅肠道菌群;10%发酵啤酒糟替代豆粕时可促进肠道有益菌的生长,但不影响其生长性能,而20%替代豆粕时则会降低肉鹅采食量和增重,阻碍其生长发育。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of soybean meal replaced by brewer＇s grain（BSG）or fermented brewer＇s grain（FBSG）on growth performance,immune organ index and intestinal flora of meat geese.A total of 250 geese at 28 days of age were randomly assigned to 5groups with 5replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate.The geese in control group were fed a basal diet（with soybean）;The geese in groups 1and 2were fed the basal diet with the 10%and 20% BSG replacing the soybean,respectively;The geese in groups 3and 4were fed the basal diet with the 10%and 20% FBSG replacing the soybean,respectively.The whole experiment period was 42 days,including three phases：15d（early stage）,14d（middle stage）and14d（later stage）.The results showed as follows：1From the whole experiment period,compared with control group,the ADG of geese in group 1was significantly increased（P〈0.05）,the ADG and ADFI of geese in group 4 were significantly decreased（P〈0.05）,there were no obvious change in growth performance of geese in groups 2and 3（P〉0.05）.2 Compared with control group,the thymus index and spleen index of geese in groups 1,2and 3were extremely significantly increased at early stage（P〈0.01）;At middle and later stages,the spleen index of geese in group 2were significantly and extremely significantly increased（P〈0.05;P〈0.01）;There were no significant differences in bursa of fabricius index of geese among all groups（P〉 0.05）.3 Compared with control group,the number of Escherichiacoliand Salmonella in cecum in groups 1and 2were extremely significantly decreased at early and later stages（P〈0.01）,while the number of Bifidobacteriaand Lactobacillus were increased in different degrees;the number of Bifidobacteriaand Lactobacillus in cecum in groups 3and 4 were extremely significantly increased at later stage（P〈0.01）.In conclusion,10% BSG replacing soybean in the basal diet could improve the growth performance and intestinal flora of meat geese;1

关 键 词：发酵啤酒糟 肉鹅 生长性能 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]