建兰与寒兰杂交后代试管花诱导及其形成过程的形态学及细胞学观察  

Morphological and Cytological Observation on Formation of Hybrid Offspring of Cymbidium ensifolium and C. karan Test-tube Flower

作　　者：陈达菊[1,2] 曾瑞珍[2] 杨青[1] 朱汉勇[1] 陈显梅 梁计南[2] 张志胜[2] 

机构地区：[1]文山州农业科学院生物技术研究所,云南文山663000 [2]华南农业大学广东省植物分子育种重点实验室,广东广州510642

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2015年第10期1839-1844,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.C150302)

摘　　要：从建兰与寒兰杂交后代的根状茎、试管苗和根状茎薄层均诱导出试管花,诱导率分别为61.67%、80.00%和16.67%。对根状茎、试管苗和根状茎薄层试管花形成过程的形态学观察结果显示,试管花的形成和发育过程可分为花芽诱导期,花芽形态建成期,开花期,谢花期4个时期。以试管苗为材料的试管花形态建成所需的时间最短,根状茎次之,根状茎薄层所需的时间最长。细胞学观察结果显示,根状茎试管花起源于皮层,其形态建成过程可分为花序原基形成期、花序原基分化期、小花原基形成期和小花原基分化期4个时期。Test-tube flowers were induced from rhizomes, plantlets and thin-cell layers of rhizomes of hybrid offspring of Cymbidium ensifolium and C. karan, the induction rates were 61.67%, 80.00% and 16.67%.. Forming process of in vitro flowering of rhizomes, plantlets and thin-cell layers of rhizomes were observed and the process could be divided into 4 stages： flower-bud induction, flower-bud development, flowering period, and inflorescences shed. The morphogenesis time of test-tube flower was the shortest by using of plantlets in vitro as materials,following by rhizomes, and the longest appeared in using thin-cell layers of rhizomes as material. Test-tube flower of rhizomes originated from cortex, and its formation and development could be divided into 4 stages： formation of inflorescence primordium, differentiation of inflorescence primordium, formation of floret primordium, differentiation of floret primordium.

关 键 词：兰花 试管花 试管苗 根状茎 薄层 细胞学观察 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]