洗涤废水对湘江流域的生态影响分析  

Analysis on the Ecological Impact of Washing Wastewater on Xiangjiang River Basin

作　　者：周言凤 杨萍[1] 伍惠玲[1] 廖丽萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南有色金属职业技术学院,湖南株洲412006 [2]湖南化工研究院,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《绿色科技》2015年第10期211-214,共4页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：株洲市市级社科课题洗涤废水对湘江流域生态影响及治理研究探讨(编号:ZZSK14019);2015年湖南省教育厅高校科研课题家用洗涤剂的风险评价探索(编号:15c1019)资助

摘　　要：指出了随着洗涤剂工业的发展,洗涤废水对湘江流域的生态影响日益严峻。对常用洗涤废水的污染源进行了定性定量分析,并测定了洗涤废水的综合性污染指标COD排放量,结果表明：1洗涤废水污染源中难降解有机物含量达20%,荧光增白剂、防腐剂、香精等成分虽含量不高,但其毒性如强刺激性、致癌致畸性不容忽视;21.0g/L洗涤废水COD排放浓度超过城镇污水处理厂污染物排放一级A标准的6~16倍;1000万人口城市的COD年排放量为2.5~6.5万t;3如何正确引导居民合理选择使用洗涤剂、如何导向企业研发高效低排的洗涤产品意义重大。With the development of detergent industry, the ecological impact of washing wastewater on xiangjiang river basin is becoming more and more serious. This article conducts qualitative or quantitative analysis of the pollution source of commonly used washing wastewater. In addition, the comprehensive pollution index COD emissions of washing wastewater is also studied. The article gets three conclusions accordign to the results. Firstlty,the in the eontent of refractory organic content in washing wastewater pollution sources reaches 20 %. Although the contents of fluorescent whitening agent, preservative and flavoring ingredients is not high, their toxicities, such as strong excitant, carcinogenic teratogenicity, are not allowed to be ignored. Secondly, the concentration of 1.0 g/L washing wastewater COD emission is 6 to 16 times over the first-level A standard of urban sewage treatment plant pollutant emission; COD annual emissions of a city that with population of 10 million is 25- 65 thousands tons. Thirdly, the article points out that how to correctly guide residents to reasonably choose and use detergent and how to guide enterprise to develop washing produets of high effeciency and low emission are of great significance.

关 键 词：洗涤废水 污染源 湘江流域 生态影响 合成洗涤剂 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]