氮肥对茶园土壤氟赋存形态及转化的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Combined Forms and Transformation of Fluorine in Tea Garden Soil

作　　者：张永利[1] 廖万有[1] 王烨军[1,2] 苏有健[1] 罗毅[1] 宋莉[1] 孙力[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院茶叶研究所,安徽祁门245600 [2]国家茶树育种中心安徽分中心,安徽祁门245600

出　　处：《农业资源与环境学报》2015年第5期436-442,共7页Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-23-01A);安徽省农业科学院院长青年创新基金项目(13B0839)

摘　　要：为研究不同水平氮肥对茶园土壤氟赋存形态及转化的影响，以皖南十字铺茶场红黄壤茶园0—15cm土壤为对象，设置NOP0K0（CK）、NOP1K1（NO）、N1P1K1（N1）、N2P1K1（N2）、N3P1K1（N3）5个处理，进行了室内盆钵培养试验，通过分析施肥10、20、30、50、70、90d后土壤水溶态氟、交换态氟、铁锰结合态氟、有机结合态氟含量、铵态氮含量、土壤pH值，研究施肥对茶园土壤氟赋存形态及转化的影响。结果表明：与CK相比，氮肥与磷钾混施（N1、N2、N3）在短期内（10d或20d）使土壤水溶态氟含量降低，交换态氟、铁锰结合态氟、有机结合态氟含量增加，20d之后土壤水溶态氟增加，交换态氟、铁锰结合态氟、有机结合态氟含量降低，对水溶态氟、交换态氟的影响效果随时间增加而增加，一般施氮量越大影响效果越明显；土壤水溶态氟含量与氮肥施用量成中度正相关，交换态氟与氮肥施用量成中、高度负相关；土壤水溶态氟含量与pH值成极显著高度负相关，交换态氟含量与pH值成极显著高、中度正相关。因此，氮肥在土壤中的转化过程改变了土壤环境pH值，从而影响土壤氟的形态转化和有效性。In order to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on combined forms and transformation of fluorine in tea garden soil, soil pot experiment was carried out. The research object was red-yellow soil in Shizipu tea plantation in the south of Anhui Province. Five treatments were NOPOK0 （CK）, NOP1K1 （NO）, N1P1K1 （N1）, N2P1K1 （N2）, N3P1K1 （N3）. Water-soluble fluorine content, exchangeable fluorine content, Fe/Mn oxide-bound fluorine content, organic matter-bound fluorine content, ammonium nitrogen content and soil pH value in 0-15 em soil layer were analyzed in 10, 20, 30, 50, 70, 90 days after fertilization. The resuhs showed that compared with CK, in the short term （ l0 or 20 days ） after applying NPK, the content of water-soluble fluorine in 0~15 cm soil layer was decreased and the content of exchangeable fluorine, Fe/Mn oxide-bound fluorine and organic matter-bound fluorine were increased. After 20 days, the content of soil water-soluble flu- orine was increased and the content of soil exchangeable fluorine, Fe/Mn oxide-bound fluorine and organic matter-bound fluorine were re- duced. The effect on water-soluble fluorine and exchangeable fluorine increased with time and the application rate of nitrogen. The content of water-soluble fluorine in tea garden soil had a moderately positive correlation with the application rate of nitrogen while the content of ex- changeable fluorine had a moderately or highly negative correlation with the application rate of nitrogen. The content of water-soluble fluorine had a quite highly negative correlation with the soil pH （P〈0.01）, but the content of exchangeable fluorine had a moderately or highly neg- ative correlation with the soil pH （P〈0.01）. Therefore, nitrogen fertilizer changed the soil pH during its form transformation and thus affected the transformation and the availability of fluorine in soil.

关 键 词：茶园土壤 氮肥 氟 赋存形态 PH值 

分 类 号：S153.3[农业科学—土壤学]