P2P网贷平台法律监管困局及破解:基于美国经验  

The Legal Regulation Dilemma of US P2P Lending Platform and its Resolution

作　　者：张永亮[1] 张蕴萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学法政学院,浙江临安311300 [2]中共山东省委党校<理论学刊>编辑部,山东济南250103

出　　处：《广东财经大学学报》2015年第5期88-97,共10页Journal of Guangdong University of Finance & Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(13CJY004);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(13JZD012);浙江省农民发展研究中心课题(13NFYY13)

摘　　要：美国现行的金融监管体制中并无专事P2P平台的监管制度,当下由SEC主导的针对P2P的多头监管体制仅是权宜之策。SEC罔顾P2P平台与传统证券类金融机构之迥异特性而对其坚守"证券"监管思维模式,造成监管错位、市场准入困难、合规成本高昂,使监管风险暴露无遗。反思美国P2P平台监管困局,对我国的启示主要有:破除"维稳式"监管思路,激励其运营模式的创新;摒弃"一刀切"监管之恶习,实施底线监管(负面清单)与分类监管(差异化监管);实施源头监管,制定P2P平台市场准入制度;重塑社会征信制度建设,为P2P平台发展提供信息基础;强化法律责任制度之科学设计与公正实施。There is no specialized regulation system of P2 P lending platform in the existing financial regulation system of the United States. The Congress has taken a wait-and-see attitude toward how to regulate P2 P lending. At present,the multiple regulation system of P2 P lending dominated by SEC is still an interim measure. SEC does not take the difference between P2 P lending platforms and traditional securities financial institutions into account,and sticks to its securities regulation and management thinking,which results in the misplacement of financial regulation,the difficulty of market access,the high cost of compliance and the exposition of regulation risks. Reflecting the dilemma of US P2 P lending platform’s regulatory regime,we can have some inspirations： demolishing regulation method to uphold stability and encouraging the innovation of operation model,getting rid of the bad habit of imposing uniformity on regulation and introducing bottom line regulation（ negative lists） and classified regulation（ differentiated regulation management）,enforcing source regulation and making policy of access to P2 P lending platform,reshaping the establishment of social credit reporting system to provide information basis for P2 P lending platform development,and stressing the scientific design and fair enforcement of legal responsibility system.

关 键 词：P2P平台 SEC 金融监管 监管困局 

分 类 号：D922.28[政治法律—经济法学] D971.2[政治法律—法学]