赣江流域大(Ⅰ)型水库工程影响下的枯水变异研究  

Hydrological Variation of Low Flows Influenced by Large Size(Ⅰ)Reservoir Construction in the Ganjiang River Basin

作　　者：陈昌春[1] 王腊春[2] 姚鑫[1] 李艳萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学地理与遥感学院,南京210044 [2]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京210093

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2015年第9期1-6,11,共7页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2013BAB05B01-3);国家自然科学青年基金41301035

摘　　要：以赣江流域现有最大水利工程——万安水电站(水库)运行前后区分水利工程的影响时段,以赣江下游外洲水文站多年(1955-2011年)逐日流量为依据,在MK突变检验、滑动t突变检验的基础上,运用水文变异指标法和变化范围法(IHA/RVA)分析大型水库工程影响下的枯水变异特征。研究发现,赣江流域在1955-2011年,自万安水电站1990年正式运营之后,最小1、3、7、30、90d日平均流量的偏离率均显著上升,前4者的幅度均超过了24%。IHA的最小各日平均流量极值变化在中RVA范围尽管均属于低度改变,然而在低RVA范围内5个指标都达到了高度改变,由此充分揭示了对河流生态系统至关重要的低流量范围内多个枯水情势高改变度的存在,为水库生态调度和河流生态保护提供了有益的参考。Based on daily runoff data from 1955 to 2011 in the Waizhou Station of the lower Ganjiang River over the years ,there are two stages according to the starting time of Wan＆#39;an Hydropower Station（reservoir） ,this paper investigates the hydrological variation of low flow .Influenced by the existing largest water conservancy project in the Ganjiang River Basin by abrupt change detection methods（Mann-Kendall trend detection method ,Moving t test method） ,and IHA（Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration） method and RVA （Range of Variability Approach） method .The results show that ：1990-2011 versus 1955-1989 ,the deviation ratio of minimum of 1 ,3 ,7 ,30 ,90 days ,each of the former 4 items were more than 24% .For the extreme variation of minimal daily average runoffs in IHA-1 ,3 ,7 ,30 ,90 days ,each of them showed a high degree variation in the low RVA range ,although they all belonged to a low degree variation in the middle RVA range .The research revealed the existence of a high degree variation of a low flow ,which is critical for the river ecosystem under the influence of large hydraulic engineering in the the Ganjiang River Basin ,which provides a useful reference for the ecological operation of reservoirs and river ecosystem protection .

关 键 词：赣江 IHA/RVA 水文变异 枯水径流 大型水库 

分 类 号：P332.4[天文地球—水文科学]