晋西黄土区退耕还林地涵养水源和保育土壤功能评价  

Functional Assessment of Soil and Water Conservation Under Conversion of Cropland to Forest in Loess Plateau of Western Shanxi Province

作　　者：田宁宁[1] 张建军[1] 李玉婷[1] 赵荣玮 张艳婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2015年第5期124-129,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项"天然林保护等林业工程生态效益评价研究"(201304308)

摘　　要：以晋西黄土区退耕还林地为研究对象,对其土壤容重、孔隙度、有机质、养分含量进行测定和分析,并对其涵养水源和保育土壤功能进行评价。结果表明:(1)退耕还林地0—50cm土层平均容重为1.23g/cm3,随着土壤深度的增加,土壤容重增大,土壤孔隙度呈下降趋势,刺槐侧柏混交林地土壤结构最好,荒草地最差;(2)0—30cm土层平均有机质含量为29.33g/kg,全氮含量为1.54g/kg,全磷含量为0.46g/kg,全钾含量为18.85g/kg,随着土壤深度的增加,土壤有机质含量减少,土壤全量养分呈现递减的趋势;(3)不同植被恢复措施涵养水源能力依次为刺槐侧柏混交林>刺槐林>侧柏林>苹果林>山杏林>油松林;(4)不同植被恢复措施保育土壤能力依次为刺槐侧柏混交林>油松林>刺槐林>侧柏林>山杏林>苹果林>荒草地;(5)不同植被恢复措施下土壤涵养水源和保育土壤功能存在很大的差异,以刺槐侧柏混交林模式最佳,荒草地最差。The present study selected the lands under conversion of cropland to forest in Loess Plateau of Western Shanxi province as research object to measure and analyze soil bulk density, porosity, organic matter and nutrient content, and to evaluate soil and water conservation function of conversion of cropland to forest. The results showed that= （1）Average density of 0--50 cm soil layer was 1. 23 g/cma. With the increase of soil depth, soil bulk density increased, while soil porosity showed a declining trend. Soil structure of Robinia pseudoacacia L. ＋Pinus tabulaeformis mixed forest was the best, while that of wild grassland was the worst. （2）Average organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium content of 0--50 cm soil layer were 29. 33 g/kg, 1. 54 g/kg, 0. 46 g/kg, and 18. 85 g/kg, respectively. With the in-crease of soil depth, soil organic matter and nutrient content decreased. （3）Water conservation ca-pacity of different vegetation restoration measures increased in the order of Robinia pseu-doacacia L. ＋ Pinus tabulaeformis mixed forest, Robinia pseudoacacia forests, Platycladus orientalis forest, apple forest, Prunus sibirica L. forest, and Pinus tabu-laeformis forest. （4）Soil conservation capacity of different vegetation restoration measures increased in the order of Robinia pseudoacacia L. ＋Pinus tabulaeformis mixed forest, P inus tabulae f ormis forest, Robinia pseudoacacia forests, P lat ycladus orientalis forest, Prunus sibirica L. forest, apple forest, and wild grassland. （5） Significant differences existed in water and soil conservation function among different vegetation restoration measures. The best pattern was Robinia pseudoacacia L. ＋ Pinus tabulaeformis mixed forest, while the worst was wild grassland.

关 键 词：黄土区 退耕还林 涵养水源 保育土壤 功能评价 

分 类 号：S152.5[农业科学—土壤学] S157.5[农业科学—农业基础科学]