河北太行山丘陵区不同林分类型枯落物与土壤持水效益  

Litter and Soil Water-holding Capacity of Different Typical Forests in Hilly Region of Taihang Mountains in Hebei Province

作　　者：陈倩[1,2] 周志立[1,2] 史琛媛 徐学华[1,2] 李玉灵[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省林木种质资源与森林保护重点实验室,河北保定071000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2015年第5期206-211,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：河北省科技计划项目子课题(13236809D-14-1);河北省科技计划项目子课题(13236809D-2)

摘　　要：为揭示太行山丘陵区不同林分类型水土保持效益规律,选取毛白杨林,侧柏林,杂木林和灌丛这4种典型林分的林下枯落物和林地土壤作为研究对象,分别采用室内浸水法和环刀法对4种林分林下枯落物和林地土壤的持水特性进行研究。结果表明:4种林分枯落物蓄积量表现为侧柏林(10.55t/hm2)>毛白杨林(7.25t/hm2)>灌丛(6.93t/hm2)>杂木林(6.39t/hm2)。灌丛枯落物的最大持水量最大,为17.28t/hm2,而杂木林的最小,为12.50t/hm2。林下枯落物的持水量与持水时间呈对数关系:Q=aln(t)+b,枯落物的吸水速率与持水时间呈幂函数关系:V=ktn。4种林分枯落物有效拦蓄量灌丛最大,为13.55t/hm2,杂木林最小,为9.95t/hm2。0—40cm的土壤层中土壤容重均值最大的是侧柏林,为1.53g/cm3,最小的是灌丛,为1.48g/cm3。土壤总孔隙度最大的是侧柏林,为43.69%,最小的是毛白杨林,为40.40%。土壤的毛管孔隙度均值表现为侧柏林(32.45%)>灌丛(30.36%)>毛白杨林(29.72%)>杂木林(28.19%)。侧柏林土壤的最大持水量最大,为570.01t/hm2,毛白杨林最小,为527.58t/hm2。分析4种林分林下枯落物和林地土壤的持水能力,得出侧柏林(583.01t/hm2)>灌丛(567.12t/hm2)>杂木林(557.17t/hm2)>毛白杨林(542.94t/hm2)。综合4种林分枯落物层和土壤层的持水特性,得知侧柏林的持水能力最大。In order to explore the beneficial regulations of soil and water conservation in different types of forests of Taihang hilly area, the research about the forest litter and soil water-holding capacity was carried out in the 4 typical forests including Populus tomentosa, Platycladus orientalis, natural mixed forests and shrub, by means of indoor immersion and cutting ring method. The results showed that the litter cumulated amounts in 4 types of forests were listed in the sequence： Platycladus orientalis forest（10. 55 t/hm^2） Populus tomentosa forest（ 7. 25 t/hm^2）〉shrub （6. 93 t/hm^2） ~natural mixed forests （6. 39 t/hm^2）. The maximum water-holding capacity of litters in shrub was the largest（17.28 t/hm^2） , while it was the lowest in natural mixed forests （12. 50 t/hm^2）. The water-holding capacity of litters and the immersion time had logarithm relationship（Q=aln（t）＋b）, whereas the litter absorption rate and immersion time had power function relationship（V=ktn）. The modified interception amount of litters was the largest in shrub（13.55 t/hm^2）,while it was the lowest in natural mixed forests（9. 95 t/hm^2）. In the soil layer of 0--40cm, the average soil bulk density was the largest in Platycladus orientalis forest（1.53 g/cm3）, while it was the smallest in the shrub （1.48 g/cm3 ）. The maximum mean of soil total porosity was in the Platycladus orientalis forest （43.69 %）, but the minimum was in the Populus tomentosa forest（40.40%）. The mean of soil capillary porosity was sequenced in the order： Platycladus orientalis forest （32. 45%） 〉shrub （30. 36%） ~ Populus tomentosa forest （29.72%）〉natural mixed forests（28. 19G）. The maximum water-holding capacity of soil was in Platycladus orientalis forest（570.01 t/hm^2）, while the minimum was in Populus tomentosa forest （527.58 t/hm^2 ）. Therefore, it was concluded from the above research that the order of water-holding capacity in 4 types of forests was： Platydadus orientalis f

关 键 词：太行山丘陵区 枯落物 孔隙度 土壤持水能力 

分 类 号：S715.7[农业科学—林学]