大鼠侧位液压脑损伤后早期大脑中动脉形态学改变的实验研究  

Morphological changes in the middle cerebral artery in the early stage after lateral fluid percussion brain injury in rats

作　　者：李建 刘绍明[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东烟台业达医院神经外科,264006 [2]兰州军区乌鲁木齐总医院神经外科,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中国微侵袭神经外科杂志》2015年第10期466-468,共3页Chinese Journal of Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery

摘　　要：目的研究大鼠侧位液压颅脑损伤后早期颅底大脑中动脉形态学改变。方法成年SD大鼠32只,随机分为对照组、实验组(假手术组、伤后3 h及伤后72 h组),每组8只,以改良的大脑中动脉定向侧位液压冲击法建立大鼠颅脑损伤模型。应用光镜、透射电镜,观察大鼠脑损伤后不同时间点大脑中动脉形态变化。结果伤后3 h组光镜下血管直径变小,管壁增厚,并有少量小空泡形成。电镜下内皮细胞轻度肿胀,内弹力膜开始轻微卷曲,平滑肌细胞内可见线粒体肿胀。伤后72 h组光镜下血管直径明显变小,管壁明显增厚。电镜下内皮细胞变性,内弹力纤维层明显皱褶,平滑肌细胞变性改变。结论侧位液压颅脑损伤后大鼠颅底大脑中动脉改变以血管内皮细胞损伤、内弹力膜增厚及平滑肌细胞变性为主要特征。这提示在应力作用线上的大血管存在直接损伤。Objective To investigate the morphological changes in the middle cerebral artery in the early stage after lateral fluid percussion brain injury in rats. Methods Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental group（sham-operated group, and posttraumatic 3 h and 72 h groups）, 8 rats in each group. The rat models of brain injury were established by modified method for lateral fluid percussion to the middle cerebral artery. The morphologic changes of the middle cerebral artery were observed at different time points by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. Results In posttraumatic 3 h group, the vessel wall was thickened and the vessel lumen was narrowed with a small number of small vacuoles under optical microscope, and endothelial cells and mitochondria in the smooth muscle cells slightly swelled and internal elastic lamina began to be curled under TEM. In posttraumatic 72 h group, the vessel lumen more markedly narrowed and the wall more obviously thickened under optical microscope, and the endothelial and smooth muscle cells degenerated, and the internal elastic membrane was folded evidently and disrupted, under TEM. Conclusions The main characteristics of middle cerebral artery changes after lateral fluid percussion brain injury are damage to endothelial cells, thickening of the internal elastic lamina, and degeneration of smooth muscle cells in rats, thus suggesting that cerebral arteries are directly damaged when stress go through it.

关 键 词：颅脑损伤 液压伤 大脑中动脉 大鼠 

分 类 号：R651.15[医药卫生—外科学]