上海市0~5岁小于胎龄儿超重及肥胖的分布特点  

Distribution characteristics of overweight and obesity in 0-5 years old children born small for gestational age in Shanghai city

作　　者：郭翀[1] 葛品[2] 陈津津[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属儿童医院、上海市儿童医院儿童保健科,200062 [2]福建省妇幼保健院儿童保健科、福建省儿童保健中心

出　　处：《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2015年第19期1466-1469,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（30801205）;上海市科委自然科学基金（12ZR1425600）;上海市科委医学引导类项目（14411965200,14411970900）;上海市科委重大项目（12411952401）

摘　　要：目的：通过对上海市小于胎龄儿（ SGA ）的超重及肥胖问题进行横断面现况调查,了解上海市0~5岁SGA儿童超重及肥胖的分布特点。方法对上海市18个市辖区内所有0~5岁的常住儿童展开普查,为SGA儿童建卡,体格检查包括体质量、身长/身高及头围；根据世界卫生组织标准,采用体质量指数（ BMI）评价儿童超重及肥胖状况。结果本研究共调查上海市0~5岁儿童728602名,最终符合标准的儿童23871名。其中男9805名（41.4%）,女14066名（58.9%）。 SGA儿童4~18月龄的BMI高于适于胎龄儿（AGA）中位值,余年龄节点与AGA基本持平,变化趋势与AGA儿童相同。超重及肥胖在不同年龄SGA男童中的分布比例为7.7%~20.7%,平均15.7%；在女童中的分布比例为5.9%~18.3%,平均12.9%。 SGA男童超重及肥胖的比例高于SGA女童。4~18月龄的超重及肥胖比例显著高于余年龄节点。 SGA儿童中2岁前的超重及肥胖情况与其5岁时的超重及肥胖情况无相关性（P＆gt;0.05）。结论与SGA女童相比,SGA男童超重及肥胖问题更为严重。超重的高发时期在4~18月龄。 SGA儿童中2岁前的超重及肥胖情况并未影响到其5岁时的超重及肥胖程度。Objective To understand the distribution of overweight and obesity in 0-5 years old children who were born small for gestational age （ SGA） in Shanghai through a cross-sectional investigation. Methods All resident children aged 0-5 years were included, covering all 18 districts in Shanghai. Health-check cards were prepared for SGA children. The check-up included weight,length/height and head circumference. Body mass index （ BMI） was used to evaluate the overweight and obesity according to the standard of World Health Organization （ WHO） . Results This study investigated 728 602 children aged 0-5 years in Shanghai,and ultimately 23 871 of them were defined as SGA,a-mong whom 9 805（41. 4%） were boys and 14 066（58. 9%） were girls. The BMI of SGA children were higher than that of appropriate for gestational age（ AGA） from 4 to 18 months,while for the rest of the time,they were basically the same. There was no difference in changing tendency of BMI between SGA children and those AGA children. The distri-bution of overweight and obesity according to the standard of WHO in SGA boys among different ages was 7. 7% to 20. 7%, and 15. 7% in average;the distribution of SGA girls among different ages was 5. 9% to 18. 3%,and 12. 9% in average. The proportion of overweight at the age of 4-18 months was significantly higher than that of other ages. There was no correlation between overweight at 0-2 years old and overweight at the age of 5（P〉0. 05）. Conclusions Com-pared with SGA girls,overweight and obesity in SGA boys were more serious. The age of 4-18 months were the period of high incidence of overweight. There was no correlation between overweight at 0-2 years old and overweight at the age of 5.

关 键 词：小于胎龄儿 超重 肥胖 调查 

分 类 号：R723.14[医药卫生—儿科]