城镇化对中国城镇社会贫富分化的影响效应  

Effects of urbanization on the differentiation between the rich and the poor urban residents

作　　者：黄艳敏[1] 赵娟霞[2] 张岩贵[3] 

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学管理学院 [2]天津工业大学经济学院 [3]南开大学经济学院

出　　处：《城市问题》2015年第10期4-11,共8页Urban Problems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71403184)

摘　　要：在全面快速发展的城镇化进程中,中国社会利益分配格局也发生了深刻的变化,贫富两极分化是典型的现实表征。选取人口、空间、经济三个维度的城镇化,比较分析了各自对城镇社会财富格局的影响效应及差异性。结果表明,人口城镇化通过后发劣势、后发优势与城市固有的财富分布非均等性交互作用,加剧了城镇社会贫富分化;空间城镇化的杠杆效应进一步扩大了后城镇化居民与城镇原住民的初始财富禀赋差距;经济城镇化实现了要素配置格局的帕累托改进,挤压了不合理的要素报酬差距空间,缓和了城镇社会的贫富分化。In the process of comprehensive and rapid development of urbanization, the pattern of Chinese social bene- fit＇ s distribution has undergone a lot of profound changes, such that the polarization between the rich and the poor residents is of importance to characterize the social reality. Herein, from the perspective of three dimensions （i. e. population, space and e- conomy） of urbanization, this essay conducts comparative analy- sis of their impact on the differentiation of social wealth anddifferences in the resultant effects, by using both Granger non - causality test and Johansen co - integration test, in order to ad- dress the question of whether urbanization is allowed for exacer- bation or mitigation of the social wealth division. As a result, it is firstly revealed that the urbanization of the population, through the disadvantage and advantage of backwardness and relevant in- teractions with the inequality of distribution of wealth inherent in the city, has exacerbated the urban social polarization between the rich and the poor. Secondly, the leverage effect of spatial ur- banization has further expanded the initial wealth -endowed gap between the post- urbanized residents and urban aborigines. Thirdly, the economic urbanization renders its element allocation pattern to achieve the Pareto improvement, such that the space of pay gap between unreasonable elements is squeezed, so as to ease the polarization between the rich and the poor residing in urban society.

关 键 词：城镇化 财富格局 贫富分化 

分 类 号：F126.2[经济管理—世界经济]