82个石榴品种遗传多样性的ISSR分析  

Genetic diversity analysis of 82 pomegranate(Punica granatum L.) cultivars by ISSR markers

作　　者：马丽[1] 侯乐峰 郝兆祥 马耀华[1] 周玉亮[1] 明东风[1] 

机构地区：[1]枣庄学院生命科学学院,山东枣庄277160 [2]枣庄市石榴研究中心,山东枣庄277300

出　　处：《果树学报》2015年第5期741-750,共10页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(编号:201204402);国家林业局林木种苗工程项目:山东省枣庄市峄城区中国石榴种质资源圃建设项目(编号:[2012]1888号);山东省高等学校科技计划项目(编号:J14LF02)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同性状石榴品种的遗传关系和遗传多样性,为石榴种质资源分类、品种鉴定和有效利用提供参考依据。【方法】以具有不同性状的82个石榴品种为材料,用ISSR标记分析石榴种质资源的遗传多样性和品种亲缘关系。【结果】用筛选出的10条扩增清晰、多态性较好的引物对82个品种进行PCR扩增,共扩增出186个位点,其中多态性位点178个,多态性位点百分率（PPB）为95.69%,平均等位基因数（Na）为1.957 0,平均有效等位基因数（Ne）为1.302 4,平均Nei＇s的基因多样性指数（He）为0.214 0,平均Shannon信息指数（I）为0.356 7,品种间遗传相似系数（Gs）为0.478 4～0.994 6,UPGMA聚类结果在Gs为0.735时,将82个品种分为4大类。遗传相似系数矩阵和Cophenetic值之间的相关系数为0.985,说明聚类结果较准确。【结论】利用ISSR标记技术可有效揭示石榴种质资源的遗传多样性和品种间亲缘关系,82个石榴品种遗传多样性丰富。ISSR聚类结果与根据花瓣类型、结实性、籽粒硬度性状的分类结果吻合度较高,与地理生态环境也有一定的相关性。研究结果对石榴种质资源的保存、分类鉴定及杂交育种有重要参考意义。【Objective】The aims of this study are to provide the scientific basis for the classification,identification and effective utilization of the pomegranate germplasm.【Methods】The genetic diversity and genetic relationships of 82 pomegranate cultivars with different characters were evaluated by ISSR markers.【Results】10 ISSR primers with clear bands and good polymorphism were screened out. A total of 186 bands were amplified from 10 ISSR primers,of which 176 were polymorphic loci. The main indexes were：Percentage of polymorphic band（PPB）=95.69%,the number of alleles（Na）=1.957 0,Effective number of alleles（Ne）=1.302 4,Nei＇s gene diversity（He）=0.214 0 and Shannon＇s information index（I）=0.356 7.The genetic similarities coefficient between cultivars ranged from 0.478 4 to 0.994 6. 82 pomegranate cultivars were divided into 4 groups at Gs 0.735 based on UPGMA method. Cophenetic correlation coefficient between similarity matrix and cophenetic matrix of dendrogram was relatively high（r=0.985） showing the goodfit of the dendrogram.【Conclusion】82 pomegranate cultivars with different characters had abundant genetic diversity. The result of ISSR cluster accorded with the classification results based on petal,fruit character and seed hareness and also partial relevant to geographical origin. The genetic diversity and relationships of pomegranate germplasm could be evaluated well and truly by ISSR markers. These results provide valuable references for protection,utilization and variety selection of the pomegranate resources.

关 键 词：石榴 ISSR 遗传多样性 亲缘关系 

分 类 号：S665.4[农业科学—果树学]