香蕉突变株系“青干”的分离与鉴定  

Screening and primarily identification of banana mutant“Qinggan” characterized by green pseudostem

作　　者：邹瑜[1] 赵明[1] 何海旺[1] 龙芳[1] 武鹏[1] 林茜[1] 林贵美 庾韦花[1] 江文[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院生物技术研究所,南宁530007 [2]广西植物组培苗有限公司,南宁530007

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2015年第8期1356-1360,共5页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项项目(CARS-32-15);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项项目(桂农科2014YQ14);广西农业科学院基本业务费团队资助项目(2015YT54)

摘　　要：【目的】鉴定筛选香蕉品种桂蕉6号的突变株系"青干",为培育早熟香蕉优良品种(系)奠定基础。【方法】利用组织培养结合田间筛选方法对桂蕉6号田间突变株系"青干"进行筛选,对其形态特征和生物学特性进行田间鉴定,并利用ISSR分子标记对突变株系遗传变异进行分析。【结果】突变株系"青干"的田间生长周期为360 d,比对照桂蕉6号缩短20 d左右;"青干"假茎青绿,假茎基部及中部粗度均高于桂蕉6号,总糖含量为16.6 g/100 g,总酸含量为0.34 g/100 g,钾含量309.0 mg/100 g,分别比桂蕉6号增加19.4%、0.09%和2.7%;其维生素C和可溶性固形物含量略低于桂蕉6号,产量性状、果实品质与桂蕉6号相似。分子标记检测结果表明,"青干"与桂蕉6号的多态性比率为3.9%,遗传相似系数为0.9608,两者遗传背景相似。【结论】筛选的突变株系"青干"可作为选育香蕉早熟品种的种质材料或香蕉产期及品种结构调整的重要材料。【Objective】The present study was conducted to identify the mutant ＂Qinggan＂ derived from banana variety Guijiao 6, in order to lay the foundation for breeding early-maturing banana improved varieties or lines. 【Method】The mutant of banana variety Guijiao 6 found in field was isolated by using tissue culture combined with field screening method.The morphological and biological characteristics of the mutant were identified in field. Furthermore, the genetic variation of the mutant was analyzed by ISSR marker. 【Result】The duration of mutant ＂Qinggan＂ was found to be 360 days, which was20 days earlier than the control Guijiao 6. ＂Qinggan ＂ mutant presented green pseudostem, the widths of its pseudostem base and central were higher than the control Guijiao 6. Its total sugar, total acid content and potassium content were 16.6and 0.34 g/100 g,and 309.0 mg/100 g, that increased by 19.4%, 0.09% and 2.7% compared with Guijiao 6, respectively.The vitamin C and soluble solids were found to be slightly lower than those of Guijiao 6, while the yield traits and fruit quality were similar to those of Guijiao 6. The results of molecular marker showed that the polymorphic rate between ＂Qinggan＂and Guijiao 6 was 3.9%, and their genetic similarity coefficient was 0.9608, which verified their similar genetic background. 【Conclusion】The ＂Qinggan＂ mutant screened could be used as germplasm material for breeding early-maturing banana variety or important materials for adjusting banana producing period and variety structure.

关 键 词：香蕉 桂蕉6号 突变株系“青干” 选育 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]