“寒露风”情景下广西晚稻千粒重和灌浆速度的模拟模型  

Simulation model for 1000-grain weight and grain-filling rate of late rice under cold dews wind weather in Guangxi

作　　者：刘一江[1,2] 匡昭敏[2] 刘梅 李莉[2] 吴炫柯 张建方[4] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,南宁530005 [2]广西区气象减灾研究所,南宁530022 [3]柳州市气象局,广西柳州545001 [4]中国科学院大学管理学院,北京100080

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2015年第8期1430-1435,共6页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金："十二五"国家科技计划项目(2011BAD32B02-04);广西自然科学基金项目(2013GXNSFAA019282)

摘　　要：【目的】评估寒露风对晚稻生长发育的不良影响,建立晚稻抽穗期间千粒重和灌浆速度的模拟模型,为预测晚稻灌浆速度及评估产量提供科学支撑。【方法】选取晚稻超级稻"甬优6号"在国家农业气象一级观测站柳州沙塘站进行分期播种试验,观测记录晚稻生育期各阶段的开始日期至末期和千粒重数据,以及同期的温、光、水等逐日气象数据,研究分析晚稻千粒重、灌浆速度与播种期、气象因子的关系。【结果】影响晚稻千粒重的主要因素是抽穗日序,在晚稻适宜播种期期间,晚稻播种期越偏晚,抽穗日数可能越短,从而影响千粒重,最终影响晚稻产量。寒露风影响年份,晚稻灌浆速度主要受抽穗日序、日平均气温和日照时数的影响,日平均气温越低、日照时数越少则灌浆速度越慢。【结论】寒露风出现在晚稻抽穗期会对晚稻灌浆速度产生抑制作用。建立的晚稻千粒重和灌浆速度的模拟模型显著性水平高,可用于广西晚稻千粒重和灌浆速度的预测。【Objective】The present experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of cold drew wind weather on growth and development of late rice to establish model for 1000-grain weight and grain-filling rate of late rice at heading stage,in order to provide scientific references for predicting filling rate of late rice and estimating yield of late rice. 【Method】Using super rice variety Yongyou 6 as materals, the experiment of sowing by stages was conducted to observe and record start date and end date of each growth stage, 1000-grain weight and day-to-day meteorological data of temperature, light and water on Shatan national agriculture meteorological station in Liuzhou. Based on these recorded data, the relationships between 1000-grain weight, grain-filling rate and both sowing time and meteorological factor were analyzed, respectively.【Result】The results showed that the heading date sequence was the main factors affecting 1000-grain weight of late rice.During seeding period, the later seeding time was, the fewer heading days would become. Thus the seeding time could affected the 1000-grain weight so that the yield of late rice ultimately were affected. In the year with cold dew wind, the grain-filling rate of late rice were mainly affected by heading sequence, daily average temperature, and daily hours of sunshine. The lower the daily average temperature was, or the shorter the sunshine time was, the slower grain-filling rate of late rice would be. 【Conclusion】The cold dew wind which occurs during heading period has inhibitory effect on grainfilling rate of late rice. Furthermore, the established simulation models for 1000-grain weight and grain-filling rate have high significance level, which can be applied to predict 1000-grain weight and grain-filling rate of late rice.

关 键 词：寒露风 晚稻 千粒重 灌浆速度 产量 广西 

分 类 号：S426[农业科学—植物保护]