西南季风暴发前后南沙海域浮游桡足类群落特征比较研究  

Community characteristics of pelagic copepods in Nansha area before and after onset of Southwest Monsoon

作　　者：王亮根[1] 杜飞雁[1] 李亚芳[1] 宁加佳[1] 郭伟龙[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东省渔业生态环境重点开放实验室,农业部南海渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,广东广州510300 [2]暨南大学生态学系,广东广州510630

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2015年第5期47-55,共9页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41406188);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所)资助项目(2012TS02);国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD13B06);农业部财政重大专项(NFZX2013)

摘　　要：根据2013年3月-4月与6月-7月2个航次的调查资料,研究了西南季风暴发前后南沙海域浮游桡足类种类组成、栖息密度、生态类群、优势种与生物多样性等生态学特征。研究海域内共鉴定浮游桡足类187种,其中大型的127种,中型的152种。浮游桡足类属于典型热带大洋群落结构,大多数种类属于外海生态类群,其次是广盐生态类群、沿岸生态类群与深水生态类群。大型浮游桡足类优势种随季风转换更替不明显,而中型浮游桡足类优势种随季风转换更替显著。大型浮游桡足类平均栖息密度为4.87个·m^-3,中型的为19.2个·m^-3,为大型的4倍。浮游桡足类多样性水平为丰富或非常丰富。浮游桡足类生态学特征受季风转换引起表层环流结构变化与水团运动改变而产生不同的分布趋势,其中大型浮游桡足类对水团垂直运动反应较敏感,而中型浮游生物对海区表层环流改变的响应更为灵敏。According to the oceanographic surveys on zooplankton in Nansha area before and after the onset of Southwest Monsoon（ OSM） during March - April and June - July in 2013,we investigated the species composition,abundance,ecological groups,dominant species and diversity of the pelagic copepods. A total of 187 copepod species were identified,including 127 macro-copepod species and 152 meso-copepod species. The fauna of copepods belonged to the typical tropical ocean region with four ecological groups,such as oceanic species,euryhaline species,neritic species and deep-water species. The dominant species of the macro-copepods changed unobtrusively and those of the meso-copepods changed significantly with OSM transformation. The average macro-copepods abundance was 4. 87 ind·m^- 3,about a quarter of the average meso-copepods abundance of 19. 2 ind·m^- 3. The copepod diversity was rich or very rich. The horizontal distributions of the copepod community characteristics changed along with the surface currents and water masses by OSM transformation,and macro-copepods were more sensitive to the vertical movement of the water masses but duller to the change of the surface currents than meso-copepods.

关 键 词：栖息密度 优势种 生物多样性 环流 水团 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学] P735[天文地球—海洋生物学]