优质稻丰优香占高产保优施肥技术研究  

Study on Fertilizer Application Technology for High Yield and High Quality of Fengyouxiangzhan,a High Quality Rice Variety

作　　者：刘辉 文云书 陈光玉 李敏 

机构地区：[1]贵州省余庆县农业技术推广站,贵州余庆554400 [2]贵州省水稻研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2015年第9期56-58,62,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"水稻高产氮高效基因型的籽粒灌浆机理及其调控"(31360314);贵州农业科学院研究生创新基金项目(黔农科合2011002);贵州省杂交水稻"种三产四"示范工程项目

摘　　要：为探讨优质水稻高产保优施肥技术,以优质稻丰优香占为试验材料,设置不同的施肥处理(处理1,只施用化肥;处理2,有机肥与化肥配施;处理3,油枯+农家肥+沼液;处理4,柳叶秋牌有机肥+沼液;处理5,蚓粪氨基酸有机肥+沼液),研究不同施肥处理对水稻籽粒产量和品质的影响。结果表明:水稻产量表现为处理2>处理1>处理3>处理4>处理5,其中处理2和处理1的水稻产量均高于750kg/667m2,且与处理3、处理4和处理5的产量差异达显著水平。处理2和处理1较其他3个处理的有效穗数和穗粒数显著提高,结实率和千粒重略有降低。稻米食味品质以处理3、处理4、处理5最佳,其次是处理2,该4个处理间差异未达显著水平,而处理1的稻米食味品质显著变劣。施用化肥(处理1,处理2)能提高各生育时期的植株氮素积累量,与仅施用化肥(处理1)相比,化肥有机肥配施(处理2)在抽穗至成熟阶段的氮素积累量显著减少,这是稻米品质改善的重要原因。Fengyouxiangzhan,a high quality rice variety,was applied with 5fertilizer patterns（Treatment 1,only chemical fertilizer;Treatment 2,organic manure＋ chemical fertilizer;Treatment 3,oil cake ＋ farmyard manure ＋ biogas slurry;Treatment 4,organic manure ＋ biogas slurry and Treatment 5,earthworm casts amino acid organic manure ＋ biogas slurry）respectively to study the effects of different fertilizer patterns on grain yield and quality of rice and to discuss the fertilizer technique for high yield and high quality of high quality rice.Results：Rice yield is Treatment 2 〉Treatment 1〉Treatment 3〉Treatment 4〉Treatment 5and rice yield of Treatment 2and Treatment 1is above 750kg/667m2,significantly higher than Treatment 3,Treatment 4and Treatment 5.The effective spikes and grains per spike of Treatment 2and Treatment 1is significantly higher than other Treatments but the grain setting percentage and 1000-kernel weight decrease slightly.The rice taste quality of Treatment 3,Treatment 4and Treatment 5is the best,followed by Treatment 2but there is no significant difference between 4 Treatments.The rice quality of Treatment 1becomes poor significantly.Applying chemical fertilizer can increase nitrogen accumulation of rice plants and the nitrogen accumulation of Treatment 2decreases at heading-maturity stage significantly compared with Treatment 1,which is the important cause of rice quality improvement.

关 键 词：优质稻 高产保优 栽培 丰优香占 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]