宿州市2010年-2014年流感病原学及流行病学特征分析  

Research on the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of influenza in Suzhou from 2010 to 2014

作　　者：胡雪影[1] 张玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]宿州市疾病预防控制中心,安徽宿州234000

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2015年第19期3336-3338,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的了解宿州市2010年-2014年流感流行病学特征和病毒型别的变化,为流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法采集国家流感监测点的流感样病例咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应进行流感病毒核酸检测以及型别、亚型鉴定。结果宿州市2010年-2014年共检测流感样病例标本3 161例,检出流感病毒阳性样本231例,阳性率为7.31%;主要以乙型流感病毒为主(56.71%),其次是季H3(30.30%),最低的是季H1(0.43%);男性和女性阳性率分别为7.48%和7.00%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.003 4,P>0.05);2010年和2014年以乙型为主,2011年季H3和新甲型H1N1并存,2012年季H3和乙型并存,2013年季H3为优势毒株;1月-4月优势流感毒株为乙型,但8月-12月优势流感毒株为季H3。结论宿州市流感样病例病毒核酸检测阳性率低,但宿州市流行的优势毒株随年度和季节发生交替或混合流行的变化,应进一步加强流感的监测工作。Objective To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics and the changing of virus subtypes of influenza in Suzhou from 2010 to 2014,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza. Methods Swab specimens were collected and tested for influenza virus RNA and subtypes by real- time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（ real-time PCR）. Results 3 161 influenza- like illness（ ILI） samples were detected in Suzhou from 2010 to 2014,and 231 cases were detected positive,accounting for 7. 31%. Primary subtype was influenza B type（ 56. 71%）,followed by seasonal H3（ 30. 30%）,the lowest was the seasonal H1（ 0. 43%）. The positive rates of male and female were 7. 48% and 7. 00%,there was no statistical significance on the difference（ χ2= 0. 003 4,P〈0. 05）. The dominant subtypes of viruses were B type in2010 and 2014. H3 and new H1N1 simultaneously existed in 2011. H3 and B type simultaneously existed in 2012. And in2013 H3 was the dominant. The dominant subtype of viruses was B type during January- April. However,the dominant virus subtype was the seasonal H3 during August- December. Conclusion The positive rate of ILI viral nucleic acid was low in Suzhou. However,the epidemic of influenza in Suzhou exhibits annual and seasonal variations. We should further strengthen the monitoring work of influenza.

关 键 词：流行性感冒 流行病学 病原学 监测 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]