济南市土壤酸沉降承压度研究  

On bearing degree of soil acid deposition in Jinan City

作　　者：杜金辉[1] 匡开宇 杜廷芹[1] 孙娟[1] 慕金波[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省环境保护科学研究设计院,济南250013 [2]山东省核与辐射安全监测中心,济南250117

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2015年第5期351-357,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：山东省科技发展计划项目(2006GG3206002)

摘　　要：将承载力理论应用到酸沉降研究中,建立了土壤酸沉降承载力评价方法,并对济南市进行了实证分析。在地理信息系统(GIS)支持下,以遥感数据为数据源,在确定土壤外界压力及内部缓冲能力的基础上,计算了土壤酸沉降承压度。以承压度作为评价指标对济南市土壤酸沉降承载状况进行了评价。将承压度大于1定义为超载,结果表明,2005—2010年济南市S沉降超载区域大多分布在南部部分植被区域及北部部分耕地区域,超载的主要土壤类型为潮土;N沉降超载区域主要分布在南部部分植被区域,各主要土壤类型N沉降承压度平均值均小于1。评价方法借助于遥感数据,能够满足区域土壤酸沉降承载力评价空间和时间尺度上的需求,是对土壤酸沉降常规研究方法的补充。In this research,we would like to apply the theory of environmental carrying capacity to the study of the atmospheric acid deposition effects on the soils in Jinan City,Shandong. With the support of geographic information system（ GIS） and the remote sensing data,we have managed to establish a new method for evaluating the bearing capacity of the acid deposition with sulfur（ S） and nitrogen（ N） treated as the controlling parameters.In the research,we have used various indices in the system,for example,the acid deposition flux,and the critical load of acid deposition which implies the internal buffer capacity of soil and the bearing degree to evaluate the carrying capacity of the acid deposition on soil. More exactly speaking,the carrying capacity status-quo is defined as exceedance if the bearing degree is greater than 1. The results of our study demonstrate that the area rates of exceedance for S deposition in Jinan account for 31. 55%,8. 87%,26. 93%,33. 98%,7. 58% and 68. 54% from 2005 to2010,respectively. At the same time,the areas of exceedance for S deposition can mainly be found in the vegetable-growing areas in the south of Jinan and the cultivated land areas are mainly situated in the north of Jinan. The chief soil type with exceedance for S deposition is the fluvo-aquic soil. As for the area rates of exceedance for N deposition,they account for 2. 13%,1. 33%,2. 26%,2. 21%,2. 27% and 2. 21% from 2005 to 2010,respectively. What is more,the areas of exceedance for N deposition mainly scatter in the vegetable growing areas,that is,in the southern part of the city. The average bearing degree for N deposition turns out to be less than 1 on the main soils. In addition,it has been found that the data we have gained via the atmospheric remote sensing can not only satisfy the temporal and spatial needs,but also avoid the drawbacks such as the constraints from few ground monitoring points and lack of monitoring data. Thus,the results of this study can be expected to be able to provide a supplementary bas

关 键 词：环境工程学 土壤 酸沉降通量 酸沉降临界负荷 承压度 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]