天津大港发电厂附近海域浮游植物群落结构及与环境因子的相关性  

Community structure of the phytoplankton and the correlation with the environmental factors in the coast area near Tianjin Dagang Power Plant

作　　者：李亚红[1] 周筝[1] 赵小芳[1] 元昊[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所,天津300192

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2015年第5期367-373,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(200905010-16;201005023-4)

摘　　要：为了解电厂温排水和入海河流对浮游植物群落结构的影响,于2010年对大港电厂附近海域浮游植物和环境因子开展了冬、夏2个航次的调查,探讨了浮游植物群落结构时空分布特征及与环境因子的关系。结果表明,调查区共鉴定出浮游植物4门31属46种,其中硅藻在物种组成和细胞密度上均具有绝对优势。调查区浮游植物种群结构简单,组成相对稳定,细胞密度全年平均为729×107个/m3,高于渤海其他海域,且冬季数量高于夏季。受温排水和入海河流影响,浮游植物平面分布具有明显的空间效应和季节变化特征,呈近岸区高于远岸区的分布趋势。近岸站位TJHS1101和TJHS1117分别受入海营养盐和温排水的影响,夏、冬季呈现不同的分布特征。研究表明,浮游植物在夏季的限制性生长因子是可溶性无机氮,冬季是PO3-4-P;水温、NO-2-N和NH+4-N是影响浮游植物空间分布的主要环境因子;盐度、p H值和DO对浮游植物的影响表现出季节性差异。This paper is to present our research results of the spatial and temporal characteristics of phytoplankton and its relation with the environmental factors in the coast area near Tianjin Dagang Power Plant,through our own on-spot investigation,for we believe that it will be of great significance to determine the effects of the thermal effluent and the river discharge on the phytoplankton community. For our research purpose,we have collected water samples at 6 sites respectively in the summer and the winter,2010,and analyzed them in terms of phytoplankton physical composition and the living surroundings. Therefore,it has focused its attention on the analysis of the relation among the physical factors,such as the surface seawater temperature and the surface water salinity,the chemical factors,such as the chemical oxygen demand,the dissolved oxygen,the dissolved inorganic nitrogen and soluble reactive phosphorus and the phytoplankton biomass,with the phytoplankton identified and calculated by Utermshl method. The results of this paper indicate that the four phyla,including the 31 genera and 46 species to be identified in the survey program,with Bacillariophyta being dominant both in species richness and the cell abundance. However,as a truth of fact,the community structure of phytoplankton is simple and its composition is stable. More accurately speaking,the phytoplankton abundance is at 729 × 107 cells / m3 on the average and much higher than that of other sea areas in Bohai Bay during 2010. In addition,the population of phytoplankton is larger in winter than in summer,though with the increase of the distance from the offshore in the bay,the population may have been becoming more and more scarce. As to the horizontal distribution of phytoplankton,the effects of the thermal effluent and the river discharge can be seen clearly on the different spots and in different seasons because of different distributive characteristics of phytoplankton in station TJHS1101（ near the river discharge mouth） and station TJHS1117�

关 键 词：环境学 浮游植物 群落结构 温排水 环境因子 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]