我国主要流域饮用水中PAHs浓度分布及风险评价  

Distribution and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Drinking Water in Major Watersheds of China

作　　者：宋瀚文 原盛广[1] 王海亮[1] 王东红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心饮用水科学与技术重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2015年第21期64-68,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助重大项目(51290283);国家自然科学基金资助面上项目(20977102);水利部公益项目(201201032);中国科学院仪器设备功能开发技术创新项目(2011007)

摘　　要：研究了我国5个主要流域即黄河、长江、辽河、珠江和海河流域的城市自来水厂原水和出水中多环芳烃（PAHs）的分布特征和健康风险。结果表明，原水和出水中的PAHs总浓度分别为（41．19—429．97）、（17．51—408．32）ng／L，PAHs总浓度呈现北方高于南方的趋势。与我国主要流域地表水中PAHs污染情况相比，自来水厂原水中的PAHs浓度较低，且出水中PAHs总浓度并未超过《生活饮用水卫生标准》（GB5749—2006）的限值。自来水厂出水中PAHs的致癌风险为10^-6a^-1、非致癌风险为10^-4a^-1，处于可接受水平。分析发现，我国水厂出水中的PAHs总浓度与健康风险相关性较差，因此我国现行饮用水标准中的PAHs总浓度指标难以反映其健康风险。The distribution characteristics and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in raw water and finished water of waterworks in five major watersheds of the Yellow River, the Yangtze River, Liao River, Pearl River and Haihe River in China were studied. The results showed that the concentrations of total PAHs in the raw water and the finished water were in the range of 41.19 to 429.97 ng/L and 17.51 to 408.32 ng/L respectively. The concentrations of total PAHs in northern China were higher than those in southern China. The concentrations of total PAHs in the raw water were much lower than those in the river waters of five major watersheds in China, and the concentrations of total PAHs in the finished water did not exceed the limit values in the Standards for Drinking Water Quality （GB 5749-2006）. The carcinogenic risk of PAHs in the finished water was about 10^-6 a^-1, and the non-carcinogenic risk was about 10^-4 a^-1. Both of them were in the acceptable levels. In addition, the correlativity between the concentrations of total PAHs in the finished water and their health risk is not very obvious, which means that the concentration indexes in the Chinese standards cannot reflect the real health risk of PAHs.

关 键 词：饮用水 多环芳烃 健康风险 流域 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X52