2000—2014年上海市普陀区职业病状况分析  

Analysis on Occupational Diseases in Putuo District of Shanghai from 2000 to 2014

作　　者：胡芳 吴玉霞 

机构地区：[1]普陀区疾病预防控制中心卫生监测科,上海200333

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2015年第10期948-952,共5页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]分析上海市普陀区2000—2014年职业病发病规律和发生特点,为职业病防治提供基础依据。[方法]采用回顾性分析,以2000—2014年普陀区确诊的职业病病例为研究对象,收集相关信息资料,建立数据库,并进行数据分析。[结果]2000—2014年,该区共收到新发职业病报告199例,历年职业病发病数呈波动性变化,总体呈下降趋势。该区职业病类别以职业性皮肤病、职业性化学中毒和职业性眼病为主,分别占发病总数的36.68%、28.64%和18.09%。其中居前3位的职业病病种为化学性皮肤灼伤、化学性眼部灼伤和苯中毒,占发病总例数的60.30%。40~49岁年龄组和1~9年工龄组的职业病病例数最多。不同种类职业病的平均发病年龄、平均发病工龄比较,差异均有统计学意义（F=8.47,P〈0.000 1;F=6.71,P〈0.000 1）。该区职业病病例主要集中在化学原料与化学制品制造业、医药制造业和通用设备制造业,共占62.31%。其中化学原料与化学制品制造业病例数最多,占37.19%。199例职业病病例共发生在92家企业中,发病最多的是1家医药制造企业,共发生23例职业病。桃浦镇、长征镇和长风社区的职业病病例数占总例数的87.94%。[结论]该区职业病以职业性皮肤病、职业性化学中毒和职业性眼病为主,防治的重点行业是化学原料与化学制品制造业、医药制造业,应关注低工龄人群的职业病高发问题。[ Objective ] To describe the patterns and characteristics of occupational diseases in Pntuo District of Shanghai from 2000 to 2014, and provide a scientific basis for occupational disease prevention and treatment. [ Methods ] A retrospective study was carried out among patients with diagnosed occupational diseases in Putuo District of Shanghai from 2000 to 2014. Disease categories, morbidity trend, and distributions status were analyzed. [ Results ] There were 199 patients with occupational diseases newly diagnosed in Putuo District from 2000 to 2014. The cases appeared a declining trend in general with fluctuations. Occupational dermatosis, occupational chemical poisoning, and occupational ophthahnopathy were the largest proportional categories and accounted for 36.68%, 28.64%, and 18.09% of total cases respectively. Chemical skin burn, chemical eye burn, and occupational benzene poisoning were the leading three diseases with the highest incidence rates, accounting for 60.30% of total cases. More cases were reported in the 40-49-year age group and in the 1-9-year working age group than in the other groups. There were significant differences in average age of onset and average working age of onset among various occupational disease categories （F=8.47, P〈0.0001; F=6.71, P〈0.0001）. The occupational disease cases were largely concentrated in chemistry material and product, pharmaceuticals, and general equipment manufacturing industries, accounting for 62.31% of all cases; especially, the occupational diseases reported in chemistry material and product manufacturing industry were predominant, which accounted for 37.19% of all cases. Ninety-two manufacturers reported occupational diseases, and a single pharmaceuticals manufacturing enterprise reported the largest proportion （23 cases）. Moreover, 87.94% of the cases were reported from Taopu, Changzheng, and Changfeng communities. [ Conclusion ] Occupational dermatosis, occupational chemical poisoning, and occupational ophthalmopathy are the predominant rep

关 键 词：普陀区 职业病 职业中毒 职业性皮肤病 

分 类 号：R135.99[医药卫生—劳动卫生]