智慧中创造性核心的神经基础  

Neural basis underlying creative essentials of wisdom

作　　者：沈汪兵[1,2] 袁媛[2] 罗劲[3,4] 刘昌[2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学公共管理学院应用心理学研究所,南京211100 [2]南京师范大学心理学院认知神经科学实验室,南京210097 [3]首都师范大学心理学系北京市学习与认知重点实验,北京100083 [4]中国科学院心理健康重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《科学通报》2015年第28期2726-2738,共13页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31271079);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2014B15314);江苏省第四期"333高层次人才培养工程";北京市教委科技计划重点项目(KZ201410028034)资助

摘　　要：智慧系跨学科的研究热点,是人类追求美好生活、提升生命质量、增进文化与文明不可或缺的要素.创造性作为智慧的核心,对其研究进行阐述能很好地反映智慧的本质和揭示智慧活动的规律.已有创造性研究显示,假设检验主要激活了左侧前额叶、前扣带回、小脑和丘脑等区域;顿悟思维激活了双侧额叶、前扣带回、颞叶、顶下小叶和小脑等脑区;创新设计多与颞叶、前扣带回、前额叶和丘脑有关;定势和批判思维则主要与右侧前额叶、前扣带回和丘脑有关.基于创造性智力与智慧的内在关联,上述结果表明,智慧与双侧额叶、前扣带回、颞叶、顶下小叶以及丘脑等区域有密切关系.未来研究需联合多种高精度信号记录技术和实验范式,并在仔细分析智慧内涵的基础上来对整合了价值观的智慧的认知过程和脑机制进行深入探讨.Wisdom is an extremely important multidimensional issue, which not only reflects the pursuit of a better life and improvement in quality of life, but also enhances cultural development and human civilization. Creative intelligence or creative thinking, which is the main creative element of wisdom, is thought to consist of hypothesis testing, insight, novel design, and set-criticizing. Theoretical and empirical studies on the notion of wisdom have shown that creative intelligence research could largely reveal the nature and cognitive mechanism of wisdom. Existing studies on this issue have shown that hypothesis testing is mainly activated in the bilateral frontal regions, anterior cingulate cortex, cerebellum, and thalamus. Insight thinking is primarily associated with prefrontal regions, anterior cingulate gyrus, temporal regions, inferior parietal lobule, and the cerebellum. Novel design is mainly associated with activation in the temporal regions, anterior cingulate cortex, prefrontal cortex, and thalamus, whereas set-shift and critical thinking mostly involves the right prefrontal regions, anterior cingulate cortex, and thalamus. These results consistently suggest that human wisdom is closely correlated at the neural level with prefrontal regions, anterior cingulate cortex, temporal lobe, inferior parietal lobule, and the thalamus. Given the well-established concept of wisdom, future studies should combine appropriate paradigms and multidisciplinary methods with excellent resolution to directly investigate the neural basis and cognitive process underlying wisdom.

关 键 词：智慧 创造性智力 创造性 神经基础 认知神经科学 

分 类 号：R338[医药卫生—人体生理学]