贸易网络地位、研发投入与技术扩散——基于全球高端制造业贸易数据的实证研究  

Status in Trade Networks,R&D Expenditure and Technology Diffusion:An Empirica Study Based on the Trade Data of Global High-end Manufacturing

作　　者：许和连[1] 孙天阳[1] 吴钢[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学经济与贸易学院,湖南长沙410079 [2]西南财经大学国际商学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《中国软科学》2015年第9期55-69,共15页China Soft Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371134);国家社会科学基金项目(10BJL040);国家青年自科项目(71503213)

摘　　要：本文利用UNComtrade的2000-2011年HS6分位贸易数据综合构建了世界高端制造业贸易网络,对技术在贸易网络中的扩散过程进行仿真模拟,并实证检验了贸易网络地位和研发投入对一国技术获取的影响。研究结果表明,技术在贸易网络中的扩散经历技术引入、技术成熟和技术标准化三个阶段,一国技术的获取不仅取决于其研发投入,还与其在国际贸易网络中的身份地位存在密切关联,而且网络地位重要的国家为联通整个贸易网络发挥了枢纽作用;无论是发达国家还是发展中国家,研发投入的增强对其技术的获取都有明显的促进作用,但贸易网络地位对于不同发展程度国家技术获取的影响存在差异,并呈现"倒U型"特征。This paper firstly constructs the global high-end manufacturing trade networks based on the UNComtrade HS six-digit data from 2000 to 2011,simulates the diffusion process of technology in international trade networks,and makes empirical tests of the impact of trade network status and RD expenditure on technology acquisition. The results show that： when the technology diffuses through the international trade networks,it experiences three stages,technology introduction,technology mature and technology standardization. The ablility to abtain technology not only associates with one country＇s RD expenditure,but also with its status in the international trade network,and the countries of important networks status play a hub role to link the whole networks. For both developed and developing countries,the enhancement of RD expenditure significantly pormotes technology acquisition,while the impact of one country＇s networks status on technology acquisition is different for different development level countries,and shows significant ＂inverted U-shape＂.

关 键 词：高端制造业 复杂网络 自主研发 技术扩散 

分 类 号：F742[经济管理—国际贸易]