煤焦化固体残渣污染特性研究  

Pollution characteristics of residues from coal coking process

作　　者：章丽萍[1] 刘青[1] 崔炜[1] 张凯霞[1] 何绪文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《洁净煤技术》2015年第5期110-114,共5页Clean Coal Technology

基　　金：国家环保部公益项目(201209025)

摘　　要：为减少煤焦化过程中产生的残渣,以某企业煤焦化过程中产生的煤焦油、焦油渣、焦粉、除尘灰等为研究对象,采用硫酸硝酸法和水平振荡法对5种残渣样品进行重金属浸出,通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪分析浸出液中13种重金属离子浓度。同时采用超声波仪对5种残渣中的多环芳烃进行萃取并采用气-质联用仪分析参考美国环保部优先控制的16类多环芳烃,探讨了多环芳烃的组分、单体环数分布以及等效致癌毒性等。结果表明:5种残渣浸出液中除Cr6+未检出,其余12种重金属均未超出国家标准规定的浓度限值;残渣中∑PAHs含量(mg/kg)排序为:焦油(175000)>焦油渣(75630)>除尘灰Ⅰ(405.76)>焦粉(210.35)>除尘灰Ⅱ(37.69),多环芳烃组分含量远超过国际公共健康与环境组织规定的最高含量标准;5种残渣Ba P等效致癌浓度(mg/kg)排序为:煤焦油(5761.3)>焦油渣(2058.42)>焦粉(6.59)>除尘灰Ⅰ(0.99)>除尘灰Ⅱ(0.07),煤焦油和焦油渣具有更大的潜在致癌性。In order to reduce residue from coal coking,tar,tar slag,coke powder,precipitator dust Ⅰ and Ⅱ were as test objects. Two different leaching solutions were obtained from five residues using sulfuric and nitric acid method and horizontal vibration method respectively. These leaching solutions were tested for the 13 heavy metal ion concentrations using inductive coupling plasma emission spectrograph.Meanwhile,16 prior pollutants of all PAHs,listed by US EPA,from residues were analyzed through ultrasonic extraction and GC- MS. The composition of PAHs,different ring distribution of PAHs and ∑BEQ were investigated. The results showed that,only Cr6 ＋was not detected,the other 12 heavy metal ion concentrations of the ten leaching solutions did not exceed the limitation concentration of national standard. The∑PAHs concentrations（ mg / kg） of five residues in sequence from high to low was tar（ 175000）,tar slag（ 75630）,precipitator dustⅠ（ 405. 76）,coke powder（ 210. 35）,precipitator dustⅡ（ 37. 69）,and the PAHs concentrations were much higher than the regulations of international public environment organization. The∑BEQ（ mg / kg） of five residues in sequence from high to low was tar（ 5761. 3）,tar slag（ 2058. 42）,coke powder（ 6. 59）,precipitator dustⅠ（ 0. 99）,precipitator dustⅡ（ 0. 07）. Tar slag and tar were potentially more carcinogenic.

关 键 词：煤焦化 残渣 重金属 多环芳烃 等效致癌毒性 

分 类 号：X752[环境科学与工程—环境工程]