砂质河床对悬浮物去除行为的试验研究  

Study on Suspended Particle Removal by Sandy Riverbank Filtration

作　　者：王泉波[1] 胡荣庭 郑西来[2,1] 张华军 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]淄博市淄川区环保局,山东淄博255100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第10期88-95,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41172209);国家公益性行业科技专项(201301090)资助

摘　　要：在用雨洪水回灌地下水前,利用天然河床滤除水中悬浮物,可以防止回灌时含水层的物理堵塞。为了系统研究悬浮物粒径、浓度及渗透流速对河床过滤效果的影响,设计和制作了水淘选装置,将河水表层沉积物按粒径分级后,用河砂作为过滤介质进行过滤,测定过滤介质的渗透性和悬浮物分布的变化。结果表明,中值粒径为12.9、7.3和2.3μm的悬浮物分别在表层(5cm)过滤介质内沉积,使该滤层的渗透性分别降低了91.3%、98.6%和99.7%后,可全部去除悬浮物。对于20μm以下的悬浮物,提高浓度会加快其沉积速率,使得悬浮物去除效果快速提高;而提高渗流速度,增加了悬浮物在过滤介质内迁移深度,不利于悬浮物的去除。During groundwater recharge using storm water,suspended particle removal from the storm water by natural riverbank filtration,can efficiently prevent physical clogging in the aquifer.In order to systematically explore the effects of the suspended particle size,concentration and seepage velocity on riverbank′s filtration efficiency,a water elutriation device was designed to separate the river surface sediment into suspended particle samples of different sizes.Following that,they were injected into sandy river bank filtration column.The changes of filter medium permeability and suspended particle distribution were recorded as functions of time.The results showed that the suspended particles,whose median size were12.9,7.3and 2.3μm,were filtrated and removed completely,when the permeability coefficients of the surface filter medium dropped by 91.3%,98.6% and 99.7%.For the suspended particles that were less than 20μm,improving their concentrations accelerated their deposition rate,and rapidly enhanced their removal rate.However,accelerating the seepage negatively impacted the suspended particle removal efficiency as it increased the migration depth of suspended particles in the filter medium.

关 键 词：雨洪水回灌 河床过滤 渗透系数 悬浮物去除 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]