中东呼吸综合征的流行病学及诊治研究现状  

Epidemiology,diagnosis and treatment of Middle East respiratory syndrome

作　　者：张宇[1] 陈韶华[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江医院肿瘤科,浙江杭州310013 [2]《浙江大学学报医学版》编辑部,浙江杭州310007

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（医学版）》2015年第4期443-450,共8页Journal of Zhejiang University(Medical Sciences)

摘　　要：中东呼吸综合征（MERS）是由一种新型冠状病毒（CoV）引起的病毒性呼吸道疾病。截至2015年6月19日，全球共有26个国家累计1338例患者感染MERS-CoV。MERS-CoV传播途径仍有争议。大部分MERS-CoV感染者均有中东地区居住史或旅游史，最近在韩国爆发的MERS-CoV疫情证实该病毒已具备人传人的能力，但其病毒传播持续性和规模均有限。MERS-CoV感染人机制可能是病毒通过其表面突起糖蛋白上的受体结合域与人细胞表面受体二肽基肽酶（DPP4）相互作用，介导病毒吸附于细胞并与细胞膜融合进入到细胞内，启动病毒感染，并逃避机体固有免疫反应，从而在人体有效复制。目前尚无特异的抗病毒药物或有效的疫苗，临床上以对症支持治疗为主。采取有效的预防措施防止MERS-CoV感染尤为重要。Middle East respiratory syndrome （MERS） has raised global public health concerns. The recent outbreak of MERS coronavirus （MERS-CoV） infection has led to 1 338 laboratory-confirmed cases in 26 countries worldwide as reported till 19 June, 2015. MERS-CoV may be considered a zoonotic virus that has crossed the species barrier to humans, but the pathogenesis and the routes of transmission are not completely understood. Most MERS-CoV cases reported thus far have a history of residence in or travel to the Middle East. Human-to-human transmission though was observed on some occasions in Korea, it is documented as non-sustainable event. The envelope spike glycoprotein on the surface of MERS-CoV which mediates receptor binding , membrane fusion and viral entry is thought to be involved in the mechanism of MERS-CoV. No specific and effective treatment for MERS-CoV is currently recommended, although supportive treatment has played an important role. Prophylactic strategies are necessary to prevent MERS-CoV infection.

关 键 词：冠状病毒属 流行病学 诊断 治疗学 综述 

分 类 号：R511[医药卫生—内科学]