百里杜鹃国家森林公园苔藓植物分布及对环境因子关系研究  

A study of the relationship between the distribution of bryophytes and the environmental factors in Baili Azalea National Forest Park

作　　者：江洪 何斌 骆强 

机构地区：[1]贵州工程应用技术学院生态工程学院,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《生态科学》2015年第4期31-36,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：贵州省科学基金项目(黔科合J字[2011]2149号);贵州省教育厅自科类青年项目(黔教科(20090071)号);毕节地区科技计划项目(毕科合字[2010]009号)

摘　　要：为了研究百里杜鹃国家森林公园苔藓植物的物种多样性,对该公园中5种典型植物配置杜鹃林苔藓植物进行调查,计测了50个样方中的苔藓植物。结果表明:共采集到地面生苔藓植物16科,25属,47种,进行物种多样性比较,苔藓植物的Shannon-Wiener和种间相遇机率指数较低,Simpson指数则较高,说明各种杜鹃林下总的物种丰富度均较低。优势度集中在少数种类如黄牛毛藓Ditrichum pallidum、曲尾藓Dwranum scoparium、葫芦藓Funaria hygrometrica、大灰藓Hypnum plumaeforme等物种上;采用典范对应分析CCA(Canonical Correlation Analysis)对5个样24种主要优势苔藓植物与环境因子间关系进行分析,发现人为干扰度是影响苔藓植物分布和物种丰富度的主要影响因子,其他影响因子依次为林木郁闭度、林木密度、海拔高度、坡位、坡度和坡向。To study the species diversity of bryophytes in Baili Azalea National Forest Park, Guizhou, bryophytes were investigated in 5 kinds of the typical plant configurations of rhododendron forests in the Park by measuring 50 samples of bryophytes. The results showed that there were 47 species bryophytes, belonging to 25 genera and 16 families. Shannon Wiener and interspecific encounter probability index of bryophytes were lower, by comparing species diversity. However, Simpson indexes were higher, illustrating the total species richness was lower in 5 kinds of rhododendron forests. The dominance concentrated in a few species of Ditrichum pallidum, Dwranum scoparium, Funaria hygrometrica, Hypnum plumaeforme and so on. The relationship between 24 kinds of major advantage bryophytes and environmental factors were analyzed by canonical correlation analysis（CCA） in the five plots. We found that human disturbance was the main influence factors affecting the distribution of bryophytes and species richness, and other influence factors included forest canopy density, the density of trees, altitude, slope positions, slope and slope direction.

关 键 词：苔藓植物 环境因子 典范对应分析 百里杜鹃国家森林公园 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]