低磷饲粮添加植酸酶对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率和骨骼发育的影响  

Effects of Phytase Supplementation in a Low-Phosphorus Diet on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Bone Development of Weaned Piglets

作　　者：张峻豪[1] 罗钧秋[1] 余冰[1] 何军[1] 黄志清[1] 毛湘冰[1] 郑萍[1] 虞洁[1] 余贵香 刘杰[1] 王曲圆[1] 王慧芬[1] 曾珠[1] 陈代文[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,动物抗病营养教育部重点实验室,成都611130

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第10期3241-3248,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：北京挑战生物技术有限公司资助

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究低磷（P）饲粮中不同添加量的植酸酶对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率和骨骼发育的影响。试验选用35头21日龄断奶、初始均重为（7.62±0.44）kg的健康＂杜×长×大＂三元杂交仔猪,随机分为5组,每组7个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在低磷饲粮[前期：钙（Ca）5.1 g/kg,有效磷（AP）2.0 g/kg;后期：钙4.6 g/kg,有效磷1.6 g/kg]中分别添加0、250、500、1 000 FTU/kg植酸酶,试验期21 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比,添加1 000 FTU/kg植酸酶显著提高了断奶仔猪第15-21天和第1-21天平均日采食量（ADFI）和平均日增重（ADG）（P〈0.05）,但对料重比（F/G）无显著影响（P〉0.05）。2）与对照组及低磷饲粮组相比,添加植酸酶显著提高了干物质（DM）、有机物（OM）、粗蛋白质（CP）、钙、磷和总能（GE）的表观消化率（P〈0.05）,且1 000 FTU/kg各项指标优于其他试验组。3）与对照组相比,添加1 000 FTU/kg植酸酶显著提高了第3掌骨的骨骼长度（P〈0.05）。由此可知,玉米-豆粕饲粮中添加植酸酶能够显著改善断奶仔猪的生长性能,提高养分表观消化率,促进仔猪骨骼的发育,节约饲料经济成本;在本试验条件下,21日龄断奶仔猪饲喂有效磷1.6-2.0 g/kg的玉米-豆粕型饲粮时,植酸酶适宜添加量为1 000 FTU/kg。This study was conducted to investigate the effects of phytase supplementation in a low-phosphorus（ P） diet on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and bone development of weaned piglets. Thirtyfive healthy crossbred piglets（ Duroc × Landrace × Large） with an initial average body weight of（ 7. 62 ±0. 44） kg,which were weaned at age of 21 days,were randomly allotted to 5 groups with 7 replicates per group and 1 piglet per replicate. The piglets in control group was fed a basal diet only,and the piglets in experimental groups were fed the low-P diet [pre-starter： calcium（ Ca） 5. 1 g / kg,available phosphorus（ AP） 2. 0 g / kg;starter： Ca 4. 6 g / kg,AP 1. 6 g / kg] supplemented with 0,250,500,1 000 FTU / kg phytase,respecatively.The whole trial lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follows： 1） compared with control group,supplementation with 1 000 FTU / kg phytase significantly increased average daily feed intake and average daily gain of weaned piglets from day 15 to day 21 and day 1 to day 21（ P〈0. 05）,but there was no significantly affect on feed to gain ratio（ P〉0. 05）. 2） Compared with control group and low-P diet group,phytase supplementation significantly increased the apparent digestibility of dry matter,organic matter,crude protein,Ca,P and total energy（ P〈0. 05）,with 1 000 FTU / kg phytase supplementation was the highest. 3） Compared with control group,supplemented with 1 000 FTU / kg phytase significantly increased the length of third metacarpal bone（ P〈0. 05）. In conclusion,supplementation of phytase in corn-soybean meal low-P diet（ AP 1. 6 to 2. 0 g / kg） can improve the apparent digestibility of nutrients,enhance the growth performance and bone development of weaned piglets,decrease feed economic costs,and the optimum supplementary amount of phytase is 1 000 FTU / kg.

关 键 词：植酸酶 低磷饲粮 生长性能 养分表观消化率 骨骼发育 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学] S828[农业科学—畜牧学]