凡纳滨对虾抗逆F_1家系的生长、抗逆和抗WSSV的比较  

Comparison of Genetic Characters of F_1 Generation of Litopenaeus vannamei in Growth,Stress Tolerance and Resistance to WSSV

作　　者：王成桂[1] 吕灿祥 杨世平[1] 黄海立[1] 梁华芳[1] 陈兆明[1] 孙成波[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2015年第3期229-234,共6页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2013B020201001);广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项(A201301D02)

摘　　要：在室外水泥池采用不排污、不换水、不充气以及不清理死虾的方式养殖8年传代选育的A,B 2个凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)家系,以收获的A,B家系的剩余对虾作为亲本培育44个抗逆F1家系,选择13个F1家系进行生长、抗逆和抗对虾白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)的比较,研究凡纳滨对虾抗逆家系遗传性状。结果表明:各F1家系的生长差异显著(P<0.05),平均体质量最大的为抗逆A F1-08(每尾28.63 g);在盐度由28突变至5的条件下,抗逆B F1-12的死亡率最低(23.33%),抗逆AF1家系死亡率显著高于抗逆B和抗逆AB的F1家系(P<0.05),抗逆B和抗逆AB的F1家系的死亡率低于对照组Gjk和Klw,且显著高于Sis(P<0.05);在氨氮质量浓度为31.67 mg·L-1的条件下,各家系的死亡率有显著性差异(P<0.05),但都显著低于对照组Sis(P<0.05),抗逆A F1-09、抗逆A F1-13、抗逆A F1-19、抗逆A F1-20、抗逆B F1-13、抗逆AB F1-08没有出现死亡;在亚硝酸盐质量浓度为50.51 mg·L-1的条件下,各家系的死亡率有显著性差异(P<0.05),但显著低于对照组Gjk,Klw和Sis(P<0.05),抗逆A F1-08、抗逆A F1-10、抗逆A F1-18、抗逆A F1-19、抗逆A F1-20的死亡率为0;感染WSSV后,抗逆B F1-13的死亡率最低,为53.30%,显著低于对照组F2(P<0.05)。因此,抗逆A F1-08表现出显著的生长优势;抗逆B和抗逆AB对盐度突变有较强的适应力;所有抗逆F1家系对氨氮突变的适应力都强于对照组Sis,对亚硝酸盐突变的适应力强于对照组Gjk,Klw和Sis;抗逆B F1-13对WSSV有较强的抵抗力。White-leg shrimps（ Litopenaeus vannamei） bred by selection for eight years were cultured without discharge of sewage,change of water,air ventilation and cleaning of dead shrimps in outdoor cement pools A and B. The remaining shrimps cultured in the pools A and B for a year were used as parents,and forty- four lines of F1 generation were bred from the pools A and B. Thirteen lines of the shrimps were selected to compare their growth,stress tolerance and resistance to WSSV to study the genetic characters of the stress-tolerant lines of L.vannamei. Each F1 generation of the shrimps was found to have a significant difference in the growth（ P〈0. 05）.The line F1-08 in the pool A（ A F1-08） had an average body weight of 28. 63 g,the highest in the pool A. At the salinity from 28‰ to 5‰ the line F1-12 in the pool B（ B F1-12） had a mortality or death rate of 23. 33%,the lowest in the pool B. The F1 generation was significantly higher in mortality in the pool A than that in the pool B and the F1 generation of crosses between the shrimps in the pools A and B（ P〈0. 05）. The F1 generation in the pool B and that of crosses between the A and B pools（ AB F1） had a lower mortality than the control groups Gjk and Klw and a significant higher mortality than the control Sis（ P〈0. 05）. At the concentration of ammonia nitrogen of 31. 67 mg·L- 1each F1 generation of the shrimps was significantly different in the mortality（ P〈0. 05） and was significantly lower than the control group Sis（ P〈0. 05）. The A F1-09,A F1-13,A F1-19,A F1-20,A F1-13 and A F1-08 had a mortality of 0%,the lowest. At the concentration of nitrite of 50. 51mg·L- 1each F1 generation of the shrimps was significantly different in mortality（ P〈0. 05）,and lower than the control groups Gjk,Klw and Sis（ P〈0. 05）. The A F1-08,A F1-10,A F1-18,A F1-19 and A F1-20 were the lowest in mortality（ 0）. After infected with WSSV,the B F1-13 had a mortality of 53. 30%,which was the lowest and significantly lower than th

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 家系 生长 抗逆 抗WSSV 遗传性状 

分 类 号：S968.229.2[农业科学—水产养殖]