我国水产种质资源的研究现状与展望  

Advances and Prospect in Research on Aquaculture Germplasm Resources in China

作　　者：刘英杰[1,2] 刘永新[1] 方辉[1] 韩刚[1] 李梦龙[1] 李学梅[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院,北京100141 [2]中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所,广东广州510380 [3]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,湖北武汉430223

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2015年第5期48-55,60,共9页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD26B01);国家水产种质资源平台

摘　　要：我国水产种质资源丰富,是开展遗传学研究和水产育种的必要物质基础。然而,过度捕捞、水质污染和栖息生境的变化等因素使我国水产种质资源遭到严重的破坏。因此,加强保护和合理利用水产种质资源已成为制约我国水产种业健康、稳定、持续发展的关键。本文简要评述我国水产种质资源种类数量、鉴定评价和整合共享等的研究现状,呼吁开展水产种质资源评价,以利于发掘和利用种质的优良经济性状,促进水产动植物品种选育与遗传改良。本文详细分析了现阶段水产种质资源存在的主要问题,提出我国水产种质资源发展的设想和建议实施的重大工程,为切实推动水产种质基础研究、科研自主创新和实现社会化服务提供参考。Germplasm resources as the essential material basis for genetic study and breeding have been proved to be abundant existing in China. However, aquatic germplasm resources in China have been seriously destructed by some factors including over-fishing,water pollution and destructive ecosystems. So, it is becoming a critical issue for healthy, steady and sustainable development of seeding aquaculture to strengthen conservation and make rational use of aquatic germplasm resources in China. Major status in study on the variety and quantity, identification and evaluation, integration and sharing of aquatic germplasm resources in China is summarized. The development of evaluation on aquatic germplasm resources will contribute to exploit and utilize the excellent economic traits of germplasm and to accelerate the breed selection and genetic improvement for aquatic creatures. By analyzing the current major problems in aquatic germplasm resources are described, and some potential suggestions and major projects implemented are discussed for future research in germplasm resources. The findings provide the reference for promotion of fundamental research activity, scientific self-innovation and realization of social services in aquatic germplasm aspect.

关 键 词：水产 种质资源 保存 评价 进展 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]