畜禽养殖废水厌氧消化液好氧处理研究与应用现状  

Research and Application Status of Aerobic Treatment for the Anaerobic Effluent of Animal Wastewater: a Review

作　　者：王兰[1] 邓良伟[1] 王霜[1] 宋立[1] 郑丹[1] 刘刈[1] 蒲晓东[1] 王智勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部沼气科学研究所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国沼气》2015年第5期3-10,共8页China Biogas

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-36)

摘　　要：沼气发酵技术可以将有机污染物转化为清洁能源,是目前畜禽养殖废水处理的主要工艺。但是,畜禽废水沼气发酵后的厌氧消化液(沼液)仍然含有大量有机物和高浓度的氮磷物质,对环境危害仍然很大。在养殖业密集、土地短缺的地区,好氧处理仍然是沼液净化无法回避的选择。文章综述了国内外沼液好氧处理的工艺类型、处理效果、优缺点以及应用现状。结果表明,传统活性污泥法、接触氧化是早期厌氧消化液好氧处理的主要工艺,脱氮效果差;序批式反应器、缺氧-好氧工艺、膜生物反应器是近年的主要处理工艺,尽管具有较好的脱氮潜力,但是,厌氧消化液必须配原水才能获得好的脱氮效果。Anaerobic digestion is principal treatment technology for livestock wastewater,which could convert the pollutant into the energy. But its digested effluent contains a lot of organic matter,high level ammonium and phosphorus,which still could cause severe environmental pollution. Therefore,for the district with limited land and the intensive livestock farming,the aerobic biological treatment is the inevitable option for the anaerobically digested effluent. This paper reviewed the technological styles,utilization efficiencies and application status of aerobic bio-treatment for the anaerobic effluent,and analized the advantages and disadvantages of each style. The investigations showed that traditional activated-sludge process and bio-contact oxidation process were the main technologies in early years with poor ammonium removal. Recently,SBR,A / O and MBR were the main technologies,which could obtain better ammonium removal by the adding of raw wastewater to the digested effluent.

关 键 词：畜禽养殖废水 厌氧消化液 好氧处理 研究现状 工程应用 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]