新型土壤改良剂对马铃薯增产效应的研究  

Research of New Soil Amendment's Effect on Increasing Yield of Potato

作　　者：王锋[1] 郭琪玖 邱家路 任守才[1] 薛照文[1] 

机构地区：[1]枣庄职业学院农学系,山东枣庄277800 [2]滕州市姜屯镇农技站,山东滕州277521

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2015年第18期4404-4407,共4页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2014年山东省财政支持农业重大应用技术创新课题项目(20130106)

摘　　要：以鲁南地区砂姜黑土为基础,研究了新型土壤改良剂对马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum）田间土壤理化性状、养分状况、马铃薯农艺性状以及产量的影响。结果表明,施用新型土壤改良剂能使0~20 cm土层土壤容重降低0.12 g/cm3,土壤孔隙度增加4.1%,土壤含水量提高3.1%,土壤pH提高0.53;新型土壤改良剂能使土壤有机质含量提高7.55 g/kg,土壤速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量分别增加30.77、6.97、65.33 mg/kg;新型土壤改良剂能有效地改善马铃薯的农艺性状,增产7 335.9 kg/hm2,增幅达24.4%;增加大中薯的比率,商品率提高12.9%;施用新型土壤改良剂可减少化肥施用量25%,降低生产成本约1 050元/hm2。A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of new soil amendment applied to the potato（Solanum tuberosum） planting in the lime concretion black soil of Lunan region. The results showed that the application of soil amendment could decrease the bulk density of 0~20 cm soil layer by 0.12 g/cm3,increase the soil porosity,soil moisture and pH value by4.1%,3.1% and 0.53,respectively. The soil amendment also could contribute to improve the contents of soil organic matter by7.55 g/kg,available nitrogen by 30.77 mg/kg,available phosphor by 6.97 mg/kg and available kalium by 65.33 mg/kg.In the meantime,the agronomic characters of potato such as plant height,fresh weight and stem thick biological base all have significant correlation. Proportionately, both the yield and commodity rate of potato also increased by 24.4% and 12.9%.However,the amount of chemical fertilizer could be reduced by 25%,and the production costs may be saved by RMB 1 050 yuan/hm2.

关 键 词：土壤改良剂 土壤培肥 马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum) 增产效应 商品率 

分 类 号：S632[农业科学—蔬菜学]