化学镀镍废液的处理与资源化  

Treatment and Recycling of Electroless Nickel Plating Waste Liquid

作　　者：李尚桦[1] 黄瑛[1] 洪锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学能源与环境学院,南京210096

出　　处：《四川环境》2015年第5期130-135,共6页Sichuan Environment

基　　金：电子废弃物中的金属回收技术开发;教育部新世纪优秀人才基金(NCET-09-0288);新型二甘醇酰胺对永久磁石中稀有金属的萃取机理研究;国家自然科学基金(21106019)

摘　　要：化学镀镍镀层均匀、硬度高、耐磨性好、耐腐蚀性强、无需外电源、可在非导体镀件上镀膜,应用广泛。镀液的主要成分是硫酸镍和次磷酸钠,随着化学镀镍的进行,亚磷酸根、硫酸根和钠离子不断富集,6~7个周期后,镀液老化报废。废液中含有重金属、磷,且化学镀镍周期短,大量的废液对环境造成严重危害。化学镀镍废液的处理方法有沉淀法、转移利用法、催化还原法、电解法、溶剂萃取法、电渗析法。分析了各种方法的适用范围、效果及优缺点,对今后化学镀镍废液处理具有一定的指导意义。Electroless nickel plating had been widely used and can be used in non - conductor plating without extemal power with its uniform thickness, high hardness, good wear resistance, strong corrosion resistance, and dispense with external power. The electroless nickel plating was mainly composed of NiSO4 and NaH2PO2. Concentration of H2PO3- , SO42- and Na＋ were constantly enriched along with the plating reaction. Electroless nickel plating solution aged and become scrap after 6 - 7 circles. Large amounts of waste plating solution had caused serious harm to the environment with heavy metals, phosphorus and short cycles of chemical nickel plating. The treatment of the electroless nickel plating waste liquid included precipitation, transfer reusing, catalytic reduction, electrolysis, solvent extraction and electrodialysis. This study analyzed and summarized the application, effects, advantages and disadvantages of these treatment methods and can give some suggestions to electrolss nickel plating waste liquid treatment.

关 键 词：化学镀镍 电渗析 溶剂萃取 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]