乾隆三年宁夏地震与政府救灾  

Government Relief to Ningxia Earthquake in 1739

作　　者：徐爱信[1] 李学勤[2] 马幸子 徐宝学 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局,北京100036 [2]中国地震局地球物理研究所,北京100081 [3]中国人民大学清史研究所,北京100872 [4]四川机电职业技术学院,617000

出　　处：《防灾科技学院学报》2015年第3期90-95,共6页Journal of Institute of Disaster Prevention

基　　金：地震行业科研专项(201208001)

摘　　要：乾隆三年的宁夏地震给当地的社会经济造成了重创,但由于各级政府积极应对,救灾组织有序,比较成功地解决了灾后各种社会问题。本文通过系统地梳理中国第一历史档案馆和台北故宫博物院所藏相关档案,并结合地方志、地方地震史料汇编等资料,对乾隆三年宁夏地震中的政府救灾背景和救灾举措进行全面的分析。宁夏因地处偏远,经济实力和士绅力量不如江南发达,所以民间救灾力量实为有限,此次救灾工作的顺利推进,在很大程度上得益于宁夏作为清廷军事重镇的重要战略地位,从而引起了皇帝的高度重视。在皇帝、督抚大员的统筹调度以及基层官员的恪尽职守下,宁夏地区灾后的救济和重建工作才得以成功展开,民众得到妥善的救助和安顿,维护了社会的稳定,为灾后的经济恢复奠定了基础。对此次地震中的政府救灾行为进行客观的评价,能够为当前政府抗震救灾提供历史借鉴。The Ningxia earthquake in 1739 caused great damage to local economy and society, and under the cooperation of Emperor Qianlong and his states officials, the damage had been minimized, and the relief and recovery work achieved great progress. Based on the archives from the First Historical Archives of China and the National Palace Museum, and gazetteers in Ming-Qing period, this article describes the relief background and measures of this earthquake. When the disaster struck, government officials Swiftly reacted to take prompt relief efforts to save the affected population. The earthquake victims received properly assistance and arrangement, and the social economy was also on the mend too. Based on this, we try to make an objective appraisal of the government relief and expected to give some references to our government relief.

关 键 词：地震 乾隆三年 宁夏 地震震害 政府应急 救灾举措 

分 类 号：K249.07[历史地理—历史学]