用物理法热解制备桑枝活性炭及木醋液的试验  

An Experiment on Preparation of Active Carbon and Wood Vinegar from Mulberry Branches by Physical Pyrolysis

作　　者：吴亥 李芳红[2] 易铭[1] 朱铭强[3] 薛忠民[1] 苏印泉[3] 焦锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学蚕桑丝绸研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2015年第5期914-920,共7页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：2014年度国家茧丝绸发展专项(No.2014-05);西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费专项(No.XNY2013-27;ZD201200-8);家蚕基因组生物学国家重点实验室开放课题(No.2012-00-13)

摘　　要：为充分利用蚕桑生产中废弃的生物质资源,以桑枝条为原料,将水蒸气作为活化剂热解制备活性炭和收集产生的木醋液,对不同来源桑枝条制备活性炭的得率、吸附性能以及木醋液的成分等进行试验考察。用实生桑及不同桑品种1年生桑枝条制备活性炭的得率在11.66%~18.02%之间,木质部比率较高的枝条制备活性炭的得率也较高。用二倍体桑品种新一之和三倍体桑品种陕桑305的1年生枝条制备活性炭的碘吸附值在1 100~1 130 mg/g之间,亚甲基蓝吸附值在255.0~270.0mg/g之间,达到一级品国家标准（GB/T 13803.2—1999）;用实生桑枝条制备活性炭的碘吸附值达到二级品国家标准（GB/T13803.2—1999）;用混倍体桑品种陕桑402的1年生枝条制备活性炭的吸附性能接近二级品国家标准。气相色谱-质谱（GC/MS）分析显示：用不同桑品种1年生枝条生产木醋液中的成分达到23~39种;用实生桑枝条生产木醋液的成分种类相对较多,而且随桑树的生长年限变得更加复杂。采用物理法热解制备桑枝活性炭及获取木醋液的工艺节能环保,是将废弃桑枝作为生物质资源无害化、高值化开发利用的新途径。In order to make full use of biomass resources discarded in sericultural production,we used mulberry branches as the material and water vapor as the activator to prepare active carbon by physical prolysis. At the same time,wood vinegar was also collected during the pyrolysis of mulberry branches. The yield and the adsorption of active carbon and the compositions of wood vinegar,which were prepared from mulberry branches of different origins,were investigated.The results showed that the yield of active carbon prepared from one-year-old mulberry branches was between 11. 66% to 18. 02%. The yield of prepared active carbon increased with the increasing of xylem in mulberry branches. The iodine adsorption value of active carbon prepared from one-year-old mulberry branches of diploid mulberry variety Shin Ichinose and triploid mulberry variety Shansang 305 was between 1 100 mg /g to 1 130 mg /g,and the methylene blue adsorption value was between255. 0 mg /g to 270. 0 mg /g,all meeting the requirement of the first grade product of national standard GB/T13803. 2—1999. The iodine adsorption value of active carbon prepared from seedling mulberry branches reached the second grade product of national standard GB/T 13803. 2—1999. The adsorption of active carbon prepared from oneyearold mulberry branches of mixoploid mulberry variety Shaansang 402 was close to the second grade product of national standard. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry（ GC/MS） analysis showed that the components in wood vinegar produced from one-year-old mulberry branches of different mulberry varieties were between 23 to 39. The longer the mulberry trees grew,the much more complex composition of wood vinegar had. The environment-friendly and energy-saving pyroligneous process for the preparation of active carbon and wood vinegar from mulberry branches by physical method is a promising new way of harmless and value-added exploitation and utilization of discarded mulberry branches.

关 键 词：桑枝 热解 活性炭 木醋液 桑品种 气相色谱-质谱分析 

分 类 号：TQ424.1[化学工程] TQ351.272