基于RSAP标记的大花三色堇遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of 41 Pansy Germplasms Based on RSAP Markers

作　　者：李小梅[1] 杜晓华[1] 穆金燕[1] 刘会超[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2015年第10期1989-1997,共9页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(152102110088)

摘　　要：采用限制性位点扩增多态性（RSAP）标记技术,对来源于国内外不同地区的41份大花三色堇种质资源遗传多样性进行分析,并用Bayesian法和UPGMA法分别对其进行遗传结构和亲缘关系分析。结果表明：筛选的26对RSAP引物组合共扩增出588条带,其中多态性条带567个,多态性比率为97.03%,平均每对引物扩增出22.62个位点和21.81个多态性位点,18对引物组合的鉴别能力达到100%,说明RSAP在大花三色堇遗传多样性分析中有较好的适用性和较高的分析效力。41份大花三色堇种质Nei’s遗传多样性指数和Shannon信息指数均值分别为0.248 9、0.395 1,高于自花授粉植物烟草,与异花授粉植物玫瑰相近,表明大花三色堇遗传多样性较为丰富。遗传结构分析将41份大花三色堇种质分为6个组群,组群的划分与种质的地理来源存在较高相关性。基于Nei’s遗传相似系数,41份大花三色堇种质分为3大类,其中第3大类又可细分为4个亚类,来源于相同或相近地域的种质大多聚在一起,表明大花三色堇的种质交流存在地域限制。按地理来源划分的种质群亲缘关系分析显示,中国种质群与荷兰种质群相距最近,与德国种质群最远,提示应加强对德国种质的引进;按花色划分的6个群体Shannon信息指数为0.199 4~0.364 9,其中白色种质群最高,黑色种质群最低,说明白色花遗传多样性基础较广,而黑色花遗传多样性较低。The genome polymorphism among 41 pansy germplasms which collected from several regions worldwide were investigated by RSAP marker system.The genetic structure and relationships of and between them were analyzed by Bayesian and UPGMA methods,respectively.The results showed 26 RSAP primer combinations amplified 588 bands including 567 polymorphic bands.The polymorphism rate was97.03%.Each primer combination detected 22.62 loci and 21.81 polymorphism loci averagely.18 primer combinations can distinguish 41 pansy germplasms individually,showing good applicability and effectiveness of RSAP in pansy genetic diversity analysis.Based on structure analysis,41 pansy germplasms were divided into 6groups which indicated high correlations between group divisions and germplasm geographical origins.Nei＇s genetic diversity index and Shannon information index of these pansy germplasms were0.248 9and 0.395 1,respectively,higher than those of tobacco,a self-pollinated plant,and similar to rose,an outbreeding plant.Based on the Nei＇s genetic similarity coefficient,41 pansy germplasms were divided into three major categories,in which the third category were subdivided into four classes.The most of germplasms from the same or adjacent regions were gathered together,suggesting pansy germplasm ex-change was restricted to some extent.Further study on genetic relationships among different geographic germplasm groups showed that the nearest genetic distance between Dutch germplasm group and that of China,the furthest between German group and that of China,which suggest it is important for China to introduce pansy germplam from Germany.The Shannon information indexes of 6groups divided by flower color were from 0.199 4to 0.364 9,in which white color groups had the highest one,while dark group had the lowest,revealing rich genetic diversity in the white color flower group and poor diversity in the black color flower group in pansy.

关 键 词：三色堇 RSAP 遗传多样性 聚类分析 遗传结构 

分 类 号：Q346.5[生物学—遗传学] Q789