原发性高血压患者运动负荷试验中血压变化的研究  

Change in Blood Pressure in Patients with Essential Hypertension during Incremental Exercise Test

作　　者：高璨[1] 马云[1] 梁辰[1] 陈根[1] 白云飞[1] 逯勇[2] 张建平[3] 

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局运动医学研究所,北京100061 [2]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院 [3]解放军医学图书馆

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2015年第10期949-954,共6页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：国家十二五科技支撑计划课题(编号2012BAK21B02)

摘　　要：目的:通过研究原发性高血压患者运动试验过程中血压的变化规律,为高血压患者科学锻炼健身提供依据。方法:84名符合标准的受试者,分为原发性高血压组(H组,n=60)和正常组(N组,n=24),进行运动负荷试验。研究两组在运动过程中及恢复过程中血压变化的规律,比较在相同负荷下,两组血压值差异。结果:运动负荷30W至120W过程中,N组收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、脉压差(PP)均缓慢升高;H组SBP在各级负荷下均非常显著升高(P<0.01),DBP升高不显著,但是在负荷达120 W时显著升高(P<0.05)。运动过程中两组比较,各阶段H组SBP、DBP都非常显著高于N组(P<0.01),PP组间变化无统计学意义;H组出现SBP过高反应的比例为28.33%,N组为4%,两组差异非常显著(P<0.01)。运动后的恢复过程中,在6min内,两组SBP、PP均显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),10 min时H组SBP低于其静息SBP(P<0.05);DBP缓慢下降,6 min时两组DBP均低于其静息DBP(P<0.05)。结论:在运动过程中,健康中老年人与中老年原发性高血压患者的血压都表现出一定的变化。高血压患者SBP对运动强度敏感,小强度运动时即出现显著性升高,大强度时容易出现SBP过高反应,比例明显高于血压正常人群;DBP在120 W时变化明显,运动后恢复过程中DBP恢复缓慢。Objective To investigate the change in blood pressure of patients with essential hypertension （EH）during exercise test in order to provide scientific evidences for prescribing exercise program for EH patients. Methods 84 subjects were recruited according to inclusion criteria and divided into essential hypertension group （H,n=60）and non-hypertension group （N,n=24）. All subjects took part in the same exercise test and blood pressure was monitored and recorded simultaneously ,and compared between the two groups. Results The SBP, DBP and PP increased gradually in group N with the increasing of work load. The SBP increased significantly in group H in various stages of exercise （P〈0.01） ,while DBP increased insignificantly until work load reaching 120 W （P〈0.05）. The SBP and DBP in all stages of exercise in group H were higher than in group N （P〈0.01）. There was no significant difference in PP between the two groups during the exercise test. Excessive SBP response rate in group H was 28.33% ,while in group N was 4% only （P〈0.01）. The SBP and PP six minutes after the test decreased significantly in both groups （P〈0.05 and P〈 0.01）. The SBP in group H ten minutes after the test was significantly lower than that at rest （P〈0.05）. The DBP six minutes after the test in both groups was significantly lower than that at rest （P〈0.05）. Conclusions In hypertensive patients,the response of SBP to the intensity of exercise test is more sensitive and the percentage of excessive SBP response to high intensity of exercise test is extremely higher than that in healthy persons. The DBP after the exercise test in hypertensive patients recovers slowly.

关 键 词：原发性高血压 运动试验 血压 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]