贵州高原石漠化灌丛草地土壤真菌群落结构及多样性研究  

Community Structure and Genetic Diversity Analysis of Soil Fungi in Shrubby Grasslands in Guizhou Plateau

作　　者：曾庆飞 陈莹 杨春燕 刘正书 罗绍薇 吴佳海 

机构地区：[1]贵州省草业研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]贵州阳光草业科技有限责任公司,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2015年第5期96-102,共7页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：贵州省科学技术基金项目[(2012)2198号];贵州省农业科技攻关项目[(2013)3060号];贵州省农业科学院博士科研启动基金(2013-06);贵州省重大科技专项基金[(2014)6017号]

摘　　要：采集相同海拔高度四种不同石漠化程度的灌丛草地土样,以岩石缝玉米种植地为对照,分离提取土壤微生物DNA,分析各样品中的真菌多样性指数,并进行真菌群落结构相似性和系统发育分析。结果表明,潜在石漠化样品E和轻度石漠化样品D真菌群落的香浓指数(H)与丰富度指数(S)均明显大于中度石漠化样品C、重度石漠化样品B和对照样品A(P<0.05),而且样品B与样品C的PCR-DGGE图谱相似性较高,样品D与样品E的图谱相似性最大,在系统树状图(UPGMA)中分为2大族群,表明土壤石漠化程度的强弱与真菌群落的复杂度和丰富度均呈负相关关系。在系统发育分析中,12个条带的测定序列聚成了12个分支,揭示灌丛草地土壤的石漠化进程同时伴随着土壤真菌群落结构逐渐演替的过程,不同石漠化程度灌丛草地的土壤真菌存在着群落结构的差异性和遗传背景的多态性。In order to probe into the effect of different degrees of rocky desertification on community structures of soil fungi in shrubby grasslands and to study their change features of genetic diversity,four soil samples of shrubby grasslands with different rocky desertification in the same elevations were collected in the restoration and treatment site of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chenjiazhai Village,Puding County in Guizhou Province,and the soil sample in rock cracks of corn planting sites was also collected as a control.Soil microorganisms DNA of five samples was extracted respectively,and using each extracted DNA as template,the 18 SrDNA high variable regions of fungi were amplified by specific PCR.The amplified fragments were separated by adopting denatured gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE）analysis,and the separated fragments were sequenced.Then the fungal diversity indexes of each soil sample were calculated,and the fungal community structural similarities and the phylogeny of all sequenced segments were analyzed.The results showed that the Shannon-wiener indexes and richness indexes of the potential rocky desertification sample E and slight rocky desertification sample D were significantly larger than those of the moderate rocky desertification sample C,intense rocky desertification sample B and control sample A（P0.05）,and that the PCR-DGGE profiles of sample B and sample C had a high degree of similarity,the profiles of sample D and sample E had a maximum similarity,and they were divided into two clusters in the phylogenetic tree（UPGMA）,indicating the degrees of soil rocky desertification were minus-correlative with the complexity and richness of fungal communities.In the phylogenetic analyses,the twelve sequenced fragments were clustered into twelve branches,revealing that the process of karst rocky desertification of shrubby grasslands was associated with the succession of soil fungal community structures,and that there existed differences in community structures and genetic background polymorph

关 键 词：石漠化程度 灌丛草地 土壤真菌 群落结构影响 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]