村级发展互助资金:目标、治理要点及政府支持  

The Mutual Aid Fund for Village Development: Goals,Governance Issues and the Governmental Support

作　　者：刘西川[1] 陈立辉[2] 杨奇明[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学经济管理学院,杭州310018 [2]浙江大学中国农村发展研究院,杭州310058 [3]北京大学国家发展研究院,北京100871

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2015年第10期20-27,110,共8页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目"成员主导型金融组织治理研究"(编号:71473227)

摘　　要：村级发展互助资金具有缓解正规信贷约束、降低资金供给成本的制度优势,但现实中仍面临资金动员困难、贷款风险高等难题。本文在反思与澄清四个认识误区的基础上,从目标、产权、治理以及政府支持等方面探讨完善互助资金治理制度的条件与路径。扶贫是互助资金的首要使命,不应为了追求可持续而置扶贫于不顾。净储蓄者才是互助资金真正的所有者,该组织治理的要点在于平衡净储蓄者—净借款者之间的利益冲突,特别要保护净储蓄者利益,而对于此仅依靠民主管理是无法解决的。政府不应将资金交给社区后放手不管,而应运用配股等手段促使内部成员实现激励相容,同时应承担互助资金制度创新成本。Despite its own institutional advantages including reducing formal credit constraints and reducing funds supply costs,the mutual aid fund for village development are facing the difficulties in fund raising and high credit risks. By examining and clarifying four misunderstandings,this paper discusses the conditions and the path to improve the governance institutions of the village development mutual aid fund in terms of its goals,property right,governance and the governmental support. Poverty alleviation is the first and foremost mission for the village development mutual aid fund,its sustainability should not be pursued at the expense of poverty alleviation. The net-borrowers are the real owners of the village development mutual aid fund,while the governance issues should focus on balancing the interest conflicts between the net-borrowers and the net-lenders,especially protecting the net-borrowers. The interest conflicts cannot be resolved by the democratic governance. The government should not just give it a free hand after handing the money to the community. It is the government's duty to adopt some measures such as the allotment of shares to realize the incentive compatibility among members,meanwhile bearing the costs for the institutional innovation.

关 键 词：村级发展 互助资金 可持续性 治理要点 政府支持 制度创新成本 

分 类 号：F832.35[经济管理—金融学]