遵义市农村学龄儿童烧烫伤现状与干预评价  

Present situation and assessment of intervention of burns in school-aged children in rural Zunyi

作　　者：施尚鹏 惠亚 祁永红[1] 杨华君[1] 曹博玲[1] 石修权[1] 

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,贵州563099

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2015年第10期1531-1533,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81160350);贵州省优秀科技教育人才省长专项资金项目(黔省专合字[2011]55号)

摘　　要：目的了解遵义市农村学龄儿童烧烫伤现状及干预效果,为制定预防策略提供依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样法抽取遵义市农村学龄儿童作为调查对象,并采用自制问卷调查近1 a的烧烫伤情况。结果共调查1 503名学龄儿童,男、女比例为1.06∶1,烧烫伤发生率为3.79%,男童(1.60%)略低于女童(2.20%)(χ2=2.12,P=0.145);留守(2.33%)略高于非留守(1.46%)(χ2=0.39,P=0.535);不同性格儿童烧烫伤的发生率,以中间型性格为高(1.53%)(χ2=8.41,P=0.015);监护人文化程度越高,烧烫伤发生率越低(χ2=7.39,P=0.025)。发生部位前3位依次是上肢(61.40%)、下肢(26.32%)、躯干(7.02%);治疗费用以100元以下(57.89%)居多。干预前,干预组与对照组间烧烫伤发生率差异无统计学意义(3.76%,3.35%,χ2=0.20,P=0.652);干预后,干预组(2.73%)与对照组(5.14%)比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.91,P=0.015)。结论儿童烧烫伤发生率较高,性格和监护人文化程度是儿童发生烧烫伤的影响因素。提供针对性的综合干预措施可减少儿童烧烫伤的发生。Objective To understand the status of bums and the effect of intervention in school-aged children in rural Zunyi, and to provide basis for making prevention strategies. Methods School-aged children were recruited in this survey by a stratified randomly sampling method and the status of bums in one recent year was collected using a self-designed questionnaire. Results A total of 1 503 children were recruited into this study , the proportion of male and female students was 1.06 ： 1.The incidence of burns in school-aged children was 3.79%, while boys was slightly lower than that of the girls （ 1.60% vs 2.20% ,P= 0.145）; the incidence of the left-behind children was slightly higher than that of the non-left-behind children （2.33% vs 1.46%, P = 0.535）. Bums incidence of intermediate-type character was the highest among different personalities（ P= 0.015） ; and the higher education level of guardians, the lower incidence of bums （P = 0.025）. Moreover, the top three body parts of bums were upper limbs, lower limbs and trunk, and the proportion was 61.40%, 26.32%, and 7.02%, respectively. Most costs of treatment was less than RMB 100 yuan （ 57.89% ）. Moreover, the incidence of bums can be reduced after intervention （ control group 5.14% vs intervention group 2.73% ,P= 0.015 ）. Conclusion The incidence of bums of school-aged children in rural areas of Zunyi is still high. The children＇s characters and education level of guardians are the influencing factors of bums, while providing comprehensive intervention measures can effectively reduce the incidence of childhood bums.

关 键 词：烧伤 农村人口 干预性研究 儿童 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学] R644[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]